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Financial Repression, Development and Liberalization : The Case of Korea
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논문 기본 정보

Type
Academic journal
Author
Yoon Il-Hyun (동서대학교)
Journal
The Association of North-east Asian Cultures JOURNAL OF NORTH-EAST ASIAN CULTURES Vol.26 KCI Accredited Journals
Published
2011.3
Pages
699 - 713 (15page)

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Financial Repression, Development and Liberalization : The Case of Korea
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한국은 한때 금융규제와 금융억압의 대표적인 국가였으나, 이제는 금융개방과 금융자유화의 표본이 되었다. 정부주도의 경제운영 수단으로 금융이 사용되었으나 경제규모가 커지고 대내외의 자유화에 대한 압박이 거세어지자 한국정부도 1980년대부터 각종 규제를 철폐하고 금융자유화를 실시하기 시작한다. 하지만 한국의 금융개방 및 금융자유화는 OECD가입을 계기로 본격적으로 이루어졌으며, 1997년 외환위기 이후 IMF구제자금을 받는 조건으로, IMF주도의 전면적인 빅뱅스타일의 금융개방 및 자유화가 이루어졌다. 2009년 2월부터 자본시장통합법의 시행으로 일정자격을 갖추면 은행업과 보험업을 제외하면 모든 금융 업무를 취급할 수 있게 되었다. 또한 투자업무와 관련한 규제가 없어짐에 따라 파생금융상품 등의 다양한 금융상품을 취급할 수 있다.
본 논문은 한국의 금융억압과 금융자유화의 역사적 과정을 살펴보고, 금융자유화의 순기능과 역기능을 금융위기의 경험을 바탕으로 평가하고 있다. 한국의 금융자유화 과정에서 전무후무한 금융위기를 겪었지만, 금융자유화가 금융위기를 초래한 것이 아니라 금융개방과 자유화의 실시에 앞서 건전성규제의 강화와 엄격한 금융감독체제의 구축에 실패하였기 때문에 금융위기가 발생하였다. 그동안 정부당국은 이를 교훈삼아 금융감독체제를 정비하고 관련 규정을 강화하여 왔으나 자본시장통합법의 시행으로 2008년에 발생한 미국 금융위기에서처럼 국내금융시장의 불안정성을 초래하고 제2의 금융위기 가능성을 배제할 수 없다. 개별 금융기관의 금융위험관리 능력을 고양하고 보다 효율적이고 효과적인 금융 감독이 절실히 요구된다.
#경제협력개발기구 #국제통화기금 #금융억압 #금융위기 #탈규제 #Deregulation #Financial Crisis #Financial Repression #IMF #OECD

Contents

Ⅰ. Introduction
Ⅱ. Financial Repression
Ⅲ. Financial Liberalization
Ⅳ. Evaluation of Financial Liberalization
Ⅴ. Summary and Conclusion
References
【논문초록】

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