In this study, the comparative evaluation study on the brightness and the color rendition based on the 4000 K color temperature, which can be identically realized by LED lighting with high color rendition and the fluorescent lamp. The result of the brightness test showed significant difference in overall brightness between LED lighting and the fluorescent lamp, but it was evaluated that in case of the white paper under fluorescent lamp, it seemed much brighter than under the LED lighting since the paper is looked much whiter than under the LED lighting because LED lighting contains yellow color much more than the fluorescent lamp. Therefore, it was evaluated that in order to be recognized as same brightness, the illumination intensity of the LED lighting should be increase. In addition, it was evaluated that the red, yellow and green colors under fluorescent lamp seemed to be brighter because they looked lighter due to having low chroma. The results of color rendition test showed that in general, the LED lighting was highly evaluated, and particularly, it was evaluated much natural in the red, yellow and green colors, as those colors were looked clearly, which represented to be consistent with the color rendition index measured from each lighting source.