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Maurice Merleau-Ponty's Phenomenology and Ethics : the Notion of a Moral Subject
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모리스 메를로-퐁티의 현상학과 윤리학 : 도덕적 주체 개념

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Type
Academic journal
Author
Hye-Young Shin (경희대학교)
Journal
Korean Society For Phenomenology Phenomenology and Contemporary Philosoph Vol.68 KCI Accredited Journals
Published
2016.3
Pages
77 - 111 (35page)

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Maurice Merleau-Ponty's Phenomenology and Ethics : the Notion of a Moral Subject
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This study aims at elucidating an ethics that Maurice Merleau-Ponty’s phenomenology implicates. He didn’t leave a systematical work about his ethics. Thus, he didn’t develop thoughts about the ‘moral subject’. However, his theory of body-subject includes a notion of ‘moral subject’ that will make a new ethics appear. Merleau-Ponty, appraising the ambiguity of experience and stressing the power of philosophical inquiry, emphasizes our human condition: the human being is mind and body, living in the world. Based on these facts, his concept of an ‘incarnate, anonymous, individual subject’ is established. This incarnate, anonymous, individual subject always includes a gap that is an opening to the world and the others. Subjects as being to the world, I and others are encroached upon and interlaced with each other: intersubjectivity is formed. Between pre-subject and subject, there is a reversible movement that is always imminent, but never actually realized. I and others in whom subjects are being made are the creating ones. As subjectivity is made in relations, also is morality made in relations. A ‘moral subject’ has to consider mutual profits. Nevertheless, the relation between I and others is not always either moral or immoral. A subject does not have conflicts with others because it already includes an intersubjectivity. A subject, characterized by reciprocity, must be a moral one concerning others. There are not universal norms that reciprocity has to follow. Therefore, a subject in this sense builds morality in relations. To sum up, intersubjectivity, the principle of relationship and coexistence, is a basis of Merleau-Ponty’s ethics. It emphasizes our habitation, experience and relationship in the world. It can be a new ethics that substitutes for the ethics presupposing a transcendental as its basis and standard.

Contents

【요약문】
1. 서론
2. 본론
3. 결론
참고문헌
〈Abstract〉

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UCI(KEPA) : I410-ECN-0101-2016-132-002774345