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자료유형
전문잡지
저자정보
김애영 (한신대학교)
저널정보
한신대학교 한신신학연구소 신학연구 神學硏究 第68輯
발행연도
2016.6
수록면
7 - 33 (27page)

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This article deals with whether and how a feminist theology and a feminism regarding “Science and Religion” can be developed. I first of all discuss the history of the long struggle of women to enter the barriers of male-centered science. The relationship of feminist theology and feminism to the technoscience hav been articulated by radical separatist feminist theologian, Mary Daly and a representative commentator of technoscience, Donna J. Haraway. The readings on “A Cyborg Manifesto” or “ A Manifesto for Cyborgs ” did not usually pay attention to Haraway’s criticism of Daly.
Feminist theorists have noted the relationship between women’s liberation and science, in particular technoscience. Daly expressed a clear position on that relationship. Daly’s second book, Beyond God the Father (1973), moves further into radical feminism with a rejection of patriarchal religion. Defining radical feminism as the journey of women becoming, Daly encouraged women to withdraw from men to create a new, women-centered universe, and led the way with her creation of a new philosophy, a new theology, and a new language in which to express it.
In Gyn/Ecology that gave the theoretical justification for lesbian separatism Daly mentions Cyborgs. In the interpretation of the novel Frankenstein (1818) by Mary Shelley’, Daly noted the fusion of necrophilia—technical father. Cyborg, abbreviation of cybernetic organism, describes the combination of humanmachine, mostly the hybrid of man-machine. In human hybrids, Daly perceived the crisis of a loss of women’s subject.
But in “A Cyborg Manifesto” Haraway put an end to the second wave of feminism by applying a direct criticism of Daly. Haraway’s Manifesto shows highly developed technoscience aspects of 1980’s capitalism in the U.S.A. Haraway asserted that her cyborg myth is about transgressed boundaries, potent fusions, and dangerous possibilities which progressive people might explore as one part of their political work. Also the Manifesto sees capitalist technoscience as the most potent agent of history. Cyborg is neither male nor female, neither human nor animal, neither human nor machine, neither subject nor object-rather, it is that entity that crosses all boundaries.
The Manifesto shows a Postmodernism in maintaining the dissolution of a dualistic modern worldview. And the Manifesto congratulates the posthumanism and the Posthuman appealing to the greatness of American capitalist technoscience since the 1980’s. Harawey maintains that the technoscience society promotes the quality of sustaining life. However, the question remains whether such a society would lead us toward the realization of democracy and egalitarian society, or rather lead us into an oligarchy and extremely unegalitarian society. We theologians must strongly push this question through toward its resolution. Mostly technoscientists tend to ignore the problems of terrible failures and disasters of technoscience. This article has discussed the responsibilities of the theological tasks, over against the illusions of bio-engineers and technoscientists in their endless pursuits in the so called posttheological, posthisorical, and postmodern technoscience society for the 21<SUP>st</SUP> century.

목차

Ⅰ. 시작하는 말
Ⅱ. 여성해방과 기술과학
Ⅲ. 자본주의 기술과학과 사이보그
Ⅳ. 나가는 말
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