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논문 기본 정보
- 자료유형
- 학술저널
- 저자정보
- 저널정보
- 환경독성보건학회 Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology Environmental Health and Toxicology Vol.30
- 발행연도
- 2015.12
- 수록면
- 24 - 34 (11page)
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초록· 키워드
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Objectives: This survey was designed to conduct the first nationwide dietary exposure assessment on hazardous substances including the intakes of functional food and herbal medicine. In this paper, we introduced the survey design and the results of the dietary exposure status and internal exposure levels of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg).
Methods: We selected 4867 subjects of all ages throughout Korea. We conducted a food survey, dietary survey, biomonitoring, and health survey.
Results: Pb and Cd were the highest (median value) in the seaweed (94.2 μg/kg for Pb; 594 μg/kg for Cd), and Hg was the highest in the fish (46.4 μg/kg). The dietary exposure level (median value) of Pb was 0.14 μg/kg body weight (bw)/d, 0.18 μg/kg bw/d for Cd, and 0.07 μg/kg bw/d for Hg. Those with a blood Pb level of less than 5.00 μg/dL (US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, reference value for those 1 to 5 years of age) were 99.0% of all the subjects. Those with a blood Cd level with less than 0.30 μg/L (German Federal Environmental Agency, reference value for non-smoking children) were 24.5%. For those with a blood Hg level with less than 5.00 μg/L (human biomonitoring I, references value for children and adults, German Federal Environmental Agency) was 81.0 % of all the subjects.
Conclusions: The main dietary exposure of heavy metals occurs through food consumed in a large quantity and high frequency. The blood Hg level and dietary exposure level of Hg were both higher than those in the European Union.
Methods: We selected 4867 subjects of all ages throughout Korea. We conducted a food survey, dietary survey, biomonitoring, and health survey.
Results: Pb and Cd were the highest (median value) in the seaweed (94.2 μg/kg for Pb; 594 μg/kg for Cd), and Hg was the highest in the fish (46.4 μg/kg). The dietary exposure level (median value) of Pb was 0.14 μg/kg body weight (bw)/d, 0.18 μg/kg bw/d for Cd, and 0.07 μg/kg bw/d for Hg. Those with a blood Pb level of less than 5.00 μg/dL (US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, reference value for those 1 to 5 years of age) were 99.0% of all the subjects. Those with a blood Cd level with less than 0.30 μg/L (German Federal Environmental Agency, reference value for non-smoking children) were 24.5%. For those with a blood Hg level with less than 5.00 μg/L (human biomonitoring I, references value for children and adults, German Federal Environmental Agency) was 81.0 % of all the subjects.
Conclusions: The main dietary exposure of heavy metals occurs through food consumed in a large quantity and high frequency. The blood Hg level and dietary exposure level of Hg were both higher than those in the European Union.
목차
Introduction
Materials and Methods
Results
Discussion
References
참고문헌 (34)
참고문헌 신청
Kim W. / 2013 / Pb and Cd in functional health foods and Korean herbal medicines / Food Addit Contam Part B Surveill 6(2):146~149
Harris ES. / 2011 / Heavy metal and pesticide content in commonly prescribed individual raw Chinese Herbal Medicines / Sci Total Environ 409(20):4297~4305
US Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry / Toxicological profile for Pb; 2007
US Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry / Toxicological profile for Cd; 2012
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry / Addendum to the toxicological profile for Hg (alkyl and dialkyl compounds);2013
Harris ES. / 2011 / Heavy metal and pesticide content in commonly prescribed individual raw Chinese Herbal Medicines / Sci Total Environ 409(20):4297~4305
US Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry / Toxicological profile for Pb; 2007
US Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry / Toxicological profile for Cd; 2012
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry / Addendum to the toxicological profile for Hg (alkyl and dialkyl compounds);2013
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UCI(KEPA) : I410-ECN-0101-2017-539-000798822