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논문 기본 정보

자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
Mi Ju Lee (Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency) Hyeon-Yeong Kim (Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency)
저널정보
한국독성학회 Toxicological Research Toxicological Research Vol.33 No.4
발행연도
2017.10
수록면
333 - 342 (10page)

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Ethyl formate, a volatile solvent, has insecticidal and fungicidal properties and is suggested as a potential fumigant for stored crop and fruit. Its primary contact route is through the respiratory tract; however, reliable repeated toxicological studies focusing on the inhalation route have not been published to date. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the safety of a 90-day repeated inhalation exposure in rats. Forty male and 40 female rats were exposed to ethyl formate vapor via inhalation at concentrations of 0, 66, 330, and 1,320 ppm for 6 hr/day, 5 days a week for 13 weeks. Clinical signs, body weights, food consumption, urinalysis, hematologic parameters, serum chemistry measurements, organ weights, necropsy, and histopathological findings were compared between the control and ethyl formate-exposed groups. Locomotor activity decreased during exposure and recovered afterward in male and female rats exposed to 1,320 ppm ethyl formate. Body weight and food consumption continuously decreased in both sexes exposed to 1,320 ppm ethyl formate from week 1 or 3 compared with the control values. The increases in adrenal weight and decreases in thymus weight were noted in both sexes exposed to ethyl formate at 1,320 ppm. Degeneration, squamous metaplasia of olfactory epithelium in the nasopharyngeal tissue, or both were noted in the male and female rats at 1,320 ppm and female rats at 330 ppm ethyl formate. Taken together, our results indicate that ethyl formate-induced changes were not observed in male and female rats at 330 and 66 ppm, respectively. This indicates that exposure to ethyl formate at concentrations below 66 ppm for 90 days is relatively safe in rats. This is the first report of a full-scale repeated inhalation toxicity assessment in rats and could contribute to controlling occupational environmental hazards related to ethyl formate.
#Ethyl formate #90-day repeated inhalation toxicity #Occupational health

목차

INTRODUCTION
MATERIALS AND METHODS
RESULTS
DISCUSSION
REFERENCES

참고문헌 (19)

참고문헌 신청
Desmarchelier, J.M / 1999 / Ethyl formate, formic acid and ethanol in air, wheat, barley and sultanas:analysis of natural levels and fumigant residues / Pest Manag. Sci 55:815~824 google schola Haritos, V.S / 2003 / Toxicological and regulatory information supporting the registration of VAPORMATETM as a grain fumigant for farm storages in Stored Grain in Australia 2003 / Proceedings of the Australian Postharvest Technical Conference :193~198 google schola Simpson, T / 2004 / Effects of ethyl formate on fruit quality and target pest mortality for harvested strawberries / Postharvest Biol. Technol 34:313~319 google schola Bell, C.H / 2000 / Fumigation in the 21st century / Crop Prot 19:563~569 google schola Haritos, S.V / 2006 / Improved efficacy of ethyl formate against stored grain insects by combination with carbon dioxide in a ‘dynamic’ application / Pest Manag. Sci 62:325~333 google schola

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