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A Study on the Change of the Housing Culture Koreans through the First-generation Apartment in Korea
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대한민국 1세대 아파트를 통해 본 한국인의 주거문화 변화에 관한 연구

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A Study on the Change of the Housing Culture Koreans through the First-generation Apartment in Korea
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The first generation of apartment housing, as a symbol of modernization and a significant change in Korean residential history, has been disappeared gradually. This study aims to understand why the first generation of apartment housing had been settled down as a new way of residence in Korea at 1960s and help proposing direction for the apartment housing, which is the most representative housing style in modern Korea, to be improved. Apartment housing in Korea was affected by neighborhood theory of Ferry and generated as a solution for radical urbanization and housing shortage. So, it is a phenomenon of unplanned applying imported theories to historical, cultural and political situations in Korea, rather than an organized result of accepting CIAM principles. Apartment housing for lower class at the first time had become the one for urban middle class with expansion of purchasing and possessing real estate. Today, it is most popular housing among all classes. Standing lifestyle and sitting lifestyle are mixed in the interior space of Korean apartment. Western structure and furniture have been adopted while sticking to sitting lifestyle yet. South is still favored based on Feng shui custom for the exterior space. The traditional preference have had influence on a layout of residential complex. So, the rooms are placed facing south as much as the can. Exterior space of apartment housing will be a bigger issue in future. Upcoming fields such as universal design or CPTED are increasingly taking place in architectural planning. Spatial care like offering natural environment or easy walking network will be essential for qualified life for the residents.

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