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The feasibility of pullulan acetate nanoparticles(PAN) with ionic strength (IS) sensitivity as a radioisotopecarrier to inhibit tumor growth is demonstrated. PAN wasradiolabeled with rhenium 18 (Re-188) without any chelatingagents. The labeling efficiency of Re-188 into PAN (Re-18-PAN) was 49.3±4.0% as determined by TLC. The tumorvolumes of mice treated with 0.45 mCi of Re-188-PAN weremeasured and compared with that of free Re-188 after 5days of intratumoral injection. For the histological evaluation(H&E), and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase biotinylateddeoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labeling (TUNEL)staining were performed. The mean tumor volume of theRe-188-PAN-treated group was decreased by 36% after 5 days,whereas that the fre Re-188-treated group was decreasedby only 15% (P<0.05). The mean number of TUNEL-positive cells in Re-188-PAN-treated tumors at 144.3±79.9cells/section was significantly greater than the control(26.7±7.9 cells/section, P=0.03). The numbers of leukocyteand lymphocyte were decreased in both free Re-188- andRe-188-PAN-treated mice. These results indicated that thethe tumor growth by prolonging Re-188 retention time intumor site induced by the IS sensitivity.

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