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자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
저널정보
대한산부인과학회 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Obstetrics & Gynecology Science 제62권 제4호
발행연도
2019.1
수록면
199 - 211 (13page)

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A better understanding of the underlying mechanisms by which signals from the fetus initiate human parturitionis required. Our recent findings support the core hypothesis that oxidative stress (OS) and cellular senescence ofthe fetal membranes (amnion and chorion) trigger human parturition. Fetal membrane cell senescence at term is anatural physiological response to OS that occurs as a result of increased metabolic demands by the maturing fetus. Fetal membrane senescence is affected by the activation of the p38 mitogen activated kinase-mediated pathway. Similarly, various risk factors of preterm labor and premature rupture of the membranes also cause OS-inducedsenescence. Data suggest that fetal cell senescence causes inflammatory senescence-associated secretory phenotype(SASP) release. Besides SASP, high mobility group box 1 and cell-free fetal telomere fragments translocate from thenucleus to the cytosol in senescent cells, where they represent damage-associated molecular pattern markers (DAMPs). In fetal membranes, both SASPs and DAMPs augment fetal cell senescence and an associated ‘sterile’ inflammatoryreaction. In senescent cells, DAMPs are encapsulated in extracellular vesicles, specifically exosomes, which are 30–150nm particles, and propagated to distant sites. Exosomes traffic from the fetus to the maternal side and cause laborassociatedinflammatory changes in maternal uterine tissues. Thus, fetal membrane senescence and the inflammationgenerated from this process functions as a paracrine signaling system during parturition. A better understandingof the premature activation of these signals can provide insights into the mechanisms by which fetal signals initiatepreterm parturition.

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