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Gender, A Neglected Variable: An Analysis of a Gender Gap in Voter Turnout
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여성, 간과된 변수: 투표율에서의 성차(Gender Gap) 분석

논문 기본 정보

Type
Academic journal
Author
Koo Bon Sang (충북대학교)
Journal
한국의회발전연구회 의정연구 의정연구 제27권 제1호 KCI Accredited Journals
Published
2021.1
Pages
5 - 40 (36page)

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Gender, A Neglected Variable: An Analysis of a Gender Gap in Voter Turnout
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This study attempts to analyze gender gaps in voter turnout for three different types of elections held since 2017 at the aggregate level using the Central Election Management Commission’s turnout data, paying attention to the importance of women’s voting. The findings are as follows. First, modern gender gaps in voter turnout at the aggregate level are confirmed in most regions regardless of election types. Second, the gender gap in turnout varies with age. The gender difference is verified in the “widowhood effect,” where turnout decreases in the oldest-old. In the new voter group, modern gender gaps appear in most regions. The reversed gender difference in turnout in the late 20s, which reflects the Korean society’s characteristics, is confirmed in all elections. Third, it is unclear whether the reverse gender gap in turnout becomes more pronounced in urbanized districts. As urbanization progressed, modern gender differences in voter turnout across age groups are observed at the population-based size level. Paradoxically, the modern gender gap tends to be weak and turns into the traditional gender gap in younger age groups (in the late thirties) in Gangnam-gu and Seocho-gu, the most modernized districts in Seoul. These results show that the modern gender gap in turnout is now a common phenomenon and continues to be strengthened by newly recruited voters in Korea. Thus we should pay more attention to female voters’ political behavior and a new approach beyond the developmental theory to understand the causal mechanism to generate the modern gender gap in voter turnout.

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