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Purpose: We evaluated the utility of magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) for the preoperativestaging of invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) of the breast andcompared the results with those of invasive ductal carcinoma(IDC). Methods: The study included pathologically proven 32 ILCsand 73 IDCs. We compared clinical and histopathological characteristicsand the diagnostic performances of MRI and 18F-FDGPET/CT for the primary mass, additional ipsilateral and/or contralaterallesion(s), and axillary lymph node metastasis between theILC and IDC groups. Results: Primary ILCs were greater in size,but demonstrated lower maximum standardized uptake valuesthan IDCs. All primary masses were detected on MRI. The detectionrate for ILCs (75.0%) was lower than that for IDCs (83.6%)on 18F-FDG PET/CT, but the difference was not significant. Foradditional ipsilateral lesion(s), the sensitivities and specificitiesof MRI were 87.5% and 58.3% for ILC and 100.0% and 66.7%for IDC, respectively; whereas the sensitivities and specificities of18F-FDG PET/CT were 0% and 91.7% for ILC and 37.5% and94.7% for IDC, respectively. The sensitivity of 18F-FDG PET/CTfor ipsilateral lesion(s) was significantly lower in the ILC groupthan the IDC group. The sensitivity for ipsilateral lesion(s) wassignificantly higher with MRI; however, specificity was higher with18F-FDG PET/CT in both tumor groups. There was no significantdifference in the diagnostic performance for additional contralaterallesion(s) or axillary lymph node metastasis on MRI or 18F-FDGPET/CT for ILC versus IDC. Conclusion: The MRI and 18F-FDGPET/CT detection rates for the primary cancer do not differbetween the ILC and IDC groups. Although 18F-FDG PET/CTdemonstrates lower sensitivity for primary and additional ipsilaterallesions, it shows higher specificity for additional ipsilaterallesions, and could play a complementary role in the staging of ILCas well as IDC.

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