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The influence of skewness of earnings distribution on analysts' forecast errors
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이익분포의 비대칭성이 분석가의 예측오차에 미치는 영향

논문 기본 정보

Type
Academic journal
Author
Nae-Chul Kang (홍익대학교) Gilhoon Kim (제주대학교)
Journal
한국회계학회 회계학연구 회계학연구 제40권 제4호 KCI Excellent Accredited Journal
Published
2015.1
Pages
83 - 109 (27page)

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The influence of skewness of earnings distribution on analysts' forecast errors
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This paper suggests that analysts’ optimal earnings forecasts can be biased without misbehavior nor selective behavior. If the analysts’ objective is to provide the forecast minimizing the mean absolute forecast error (MAE), the optimal forecast is the median rather than the mean earnings. The earnings distributions of firms are mostly skewed for a variety of reasons. Thus, if analysts forecast the median earnings to achieve minimum MAE, their forecasts are biased by the mean-median differences of the earnings distributions. In this paper, we are assured that there are a significantly positive relation between earnings skewness and analyst forecast bias. These findings are robust after controlling for various other factors proposed in previous studies; such as size, analyst following, losses or gains, uncertainty in earnings forecasts, selection bias, analysts under-reaction, and analysts’ incentives to generate trading commissions. We also find some evidence that the stock market response to earnings announcement is positively related with analysts' forecast error and negatively related with earnings skewness. This means that stock market understands part of the skewness-induced bias and is able to adjust accordingly. The findings in this paper complement the existing explanations of analyst forecast bias. In addition, this explanation makes several contributions to the literature. First, while most existing theories are explicitly motivated by explaining only analyst forecast optimism, the explanation in this paper applies to both forecast optimism and pessimism. The selection bias explanation supports only forecast optimism. The selection bias explanation argues that analysts may censor their forecasts when the prospects of the firm are unfavorable, leading to optimism in the observed forecasts.

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