Subgingival microbiome in periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus: an exploratory study using metagenomic sequencing

Xianjun Lu; Tingjun Liu; Jiani Zhou; Jia Liu; Zijian Yuan; Lihong Guo

doi:10.5051/jpis.2103460173

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저자정보: Xianjun Lu (Hospital of Stomatology Guanghua School of Stomatology Sun Yat-sen University Guangdong Provincial) Tingjun Liu (Hospital of Stomatology Guanghua School of Stomatology Sun Yat-sen University Guangdong Provincial) Jiani Zhou (Hospital of Stomatology Guanghua School of Stomatology Sun Yat-sen University Guangdong Provincial) Jia Liu (Hospital of Stomatology Guanghua School of Stomatology Sun Yat-sen University Guangdong Provincial) Zijian Yuan (Hospital of Stomatology Guanghua School of Stomatology Sun Yat-sen University Guangdong Provincial) Lihong Guo (Hospital of Stomatology Guanghua School of Stomatology Sun Yat-sen University Guangdong Provincial)

저널정보: 대한치주과학회 Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science 제52권 제4호

발행연도: 2022.8

수록면: 282 - 297 (16page)

DOI: 10.5051/jpis.2103460173

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Purpose: To explore differences in the subgingival microbiome according to the presence of periodontitis and/or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), a metagenomic sequencing analysis of the subgingival microbiome was performed. Methods: Twelve participants were divided into 4 groups based on their health conditions (periodontitis, T2D, T2D complicated with periodontitis, and generally healthy). Subgingival plaque was collected for metagenomic sequencing, and gingival crevicular fluids were collected to analyze the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids. Results: The shifts in the subgingival flora from the healthy to periodontitis states were less prominent in T2D subjects than in subjects without T2D. The pentose and glucuronate interconversion, fructose and mannose metabolism, and galactose metabolism pathways were enriched in the periodontitis state, while the phosphotransferase system, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and peptidoglycan biosynthesis, bacterial secretion system, sulfur metabolism, and glycolysis pathways were enriched in the T2D state. Multiple genes whose expression was upregulated from the red and orange complex bacterial genomes were associated with bacterial biofilm formation and pathogenicity. The concentrations of propionic acid and butyric acid were significantly higher in subjects with periodontitis, with or without T2D, than in healthy subjects. Conclusions: T2D patients are more susceptible to the presence of periodontal pathogens and have a higher risk of developing periodontitis. The pentose and glucuronate interconversion, fructose and mannose metabolism, galactose metabolism, and glycolysis pathways may represent the potential microbial functional association between periodontitis and T2D, and butyric acid may play an important role in the interaction between these 2 diseases. The enrichment of the LPS and peptidoglycan biosynthesis, bacterial secretion system, and sulfur metabolism pathways may cause T2D patients to be more susceptible to periodontitis.

#Metagenomics #Microbiome #Periodontitis #Type 2 diabetes mellitus

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