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논문 기본 정보

자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
안종철 (Ca' Foscari University of Venice)
저널정보
이화사학연구소 이화사학연구 이화사학연구 제63호
발행연도
2021.12
수록면
293 - 323 (31page)
DOI
10.37091/ewhist.2021..63.009

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This paper deals with Lee-Wook Chnag (1895-1983)’s activities and his understanding of Korean democracy. He was an important and active Korean intellectual and leader during colonial and post-colonial context. Chang was one of very few people who went to the US during the colonial period, and attended Dubuque college and Columbia University, BA and MA program respectively. In the Columbia University, his teachers were John Dewey and William Kilpatrick who developed a new ideas and approaches on democracy and education. Returning to Korea, Chang worked as Principal at Sins?ng [Middle] School and served Suyangdonguhoe, domestic branch of H?ngsadan whose founder was the famous Korean national leader, An Ch’ang-Ho. In post-colonial context, Chang escaped from North Korea and took very critical attitude towards the communist regime. Under the US Military Government he worked as Principal at Seoul Normal School, a College Dean at Seoul National University (SNU), and then President at SNU. However, He was not greeted by Syngman Rhee who was antagonistic towards An Ch’ang-Ho. Thus, Chang was forced to resign from the President of SNU. When the Korean War broke out, Chang and several Korean elites went to Tokyo to serve the Headquarters of the Allied Forces where he translated North Korean documents to English ones. By 1958, with the help of the Asia foundation, Chang managed a broadcasting program on “democracy” while he supported the South Korean-friendly organizations in Japan. When he returned to Korea in 1958, Chang was not still welcomed by Syngman Rhee regime. Only after April Revolution, 1960, he was called as Ambassador to the US, but that career was also disrupted by May 16 Coup in 1961. Chang again stayed in the US, helping H?ngsadan, and only in 1964 he returned to Korea. In Korea, he participated in managing magazine and writing several articles on Korean democratic issues. Mr. Chang’s case is highly interesting because his ideas and activities such as anti-communism, due process, and the value of freedom in academia show the boundary and limits of democracy in Korea during the Cold War era.

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