Letter to the Editor: Effects of Cognitive-Physical Dual-Task Training on Executive Function and Activity in the Prefrontal Cortex of Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment

Asirvatham Thajus

doi:10.12786/bn.2023.16.e5

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저자정보: Asirvatham Thajus (Department of Occupational Therapy Qatar Rehabilitation Institute Hamad Medical Corporation Doha Qatar.)

저널정보: 대한뇌신경재활학회 뇌신경재활 뇌신경재활 제16권 제1호

발행연도: 2023.4

수록면: 1 - 2 (2page)

DOI: 10.12786/bn.2023.16.e5

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In the November 2021 issue of Brain and Neurorehabilitation, I came across an article entitled “Effects of Cognitive-Physical Dual-Task Training on Executive Function and Activity in the Prefrontal Cortex of Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment” [1]. The research article elaborated on the beneficial effects of dual-task training (cognitive and physical) on executive function (EF), particularly in the prefrontal cortex detected by functional near-infrared spectroscopy among older adults with mild cognitive impairment. Although I would like to offer my opinions on the trial, I respect the authors’ efforts in producing a well-presented essay. First off, a function-based outcome measure in addition to the Trail Making Test Part B, which is more of a neuropsychological test, might have been employed to evaluate EF. It could be preferable to utilize the Executive Function Performance Test (EFPT), which is also accessible in Korean (EFPT-K) [2]. This might be more in line with cultural norms and would also help understand how individuals over 65 years behave in a typical setting. Being a paper-and-pencil exercise, a neuropsychological exam would not characterize EF as functionally as the EFPT. Second, participants of this study included those were above the age of 65. In community welfare centers, they obtained the training that was given to them. It might have been feasible to check back later to see if any skills required for daily life are carried over. Furthermore, it was not indicated whether the elderly inhabitants occasionally went home or traveled to the centers from their homes. Since training at home or under the influence of family members can affect test and intervention results, the measurements of EF might have been biased if they came from home. Third, it is seen that one of the outcomes used to evaluate function was instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). Basic activities of daily living (BADL) could have also been emphasized because the participants were 65 years of age and older. Since older persons' independence, with or without family, should be of the utmost concern, assessing BADL in older adults may have been more appropriate than IADL. BADL must be studied since they are indicators of home care costs, the need for alternative living arrangements, hospitalization, and admission into nursing facilities [3]. Fourth, the older participants could have been evaluated subjectively as well. Thus, their degrees of engagement and satisfaction could have been evaluated individually. One study [4], suggested that community involvement is a significant factor associated with life satisfaction in elderly persons, lends weight to this. Such subjective evaluations can help to develop better implementation techniques for this vulnerable group and aid rehabilitation specialists in better comprehending patients’ circumstances and progress from a holistic standpoint.

n the November 2021 issue of Brain and Neurorehabilitation, I came across an article entitled “Effects of Cognitive-Physical Dual-Task Training on Executive Function and Activity in the Prefrontal Cortex of Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment” [1]. The research article elaborated on the beneficial effects of dual-task training (cognitive and physical) on executive function (EF), particularly in the prefrontal cortex detected by functional near-infrared spectroscopy among older adults with mild cognitive impairment. Although I would like to offer my opinions on the trial, I respect the authors’ efforts in producing a well-presented essay. First off, a function-based outcome measure in addition to the Trail Making Test Part B, which is more of a neuropsychological test, might have been employed to evaluate EF. It could be preferable to utilize the Executive Function Performance Test (EFPT), which is also accessible in Korean (EFPT-K) [2]. This might be more in line with cultural norms and would also help understand how individuals over 65 years behave in a typical setting. Being a paper-and-pencil exercise, a neuropsychological exam would not characterize EF as functionally as the EFPT. Second, participants of this study included those were above the age of 65. In community welfare centers, they obtained the training that was given to them. It might have been feasible to check back later to see if any skills required for daily life are carried over. Furthermore, it was not indicated whether the elderly inhabitants occasionally went home or traveled to the centers from their homes. Since training at home or under the influence of family members can affect test and intervention results, the measurements of EF might have been biased if they came from home. Third, it is seen that one of the outcomes used to evaluate function was instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). Basic activities of daily living (BADL) could have also been emphasized because the participants were 65 years of age and older. Since older persons' independence, with or without family, should be of the utmost concern, assessing BADL in older adults may have been more appropriate than IADL. BADL must be studied since they are indicators of home care costs, the need for alternative living arrangements, hospitalization, and admission into nursing facilities [3]. Fourth, the older participants could have been evaluated subjectively as well. Thus, their degrees of engagement and satisfaction could have been evaluated individually. One study [4], suggested that community involvement is a significant factor associated with life satisfaction in elderly persons, lends weight to this. Such subjective evaluations can help to develop better implementation techniques for this vulnerable group and aid rehabilitation specialists in better comprehending patients’ circumstances and progress from a holistic standpoint.

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Asirvatham Thajus

소속기관 Department of Occupational Therapy Qatar Rehabilitation Institute Hamad Medical Corporation Doha Qatar.

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