Purpose: This study aimed to identify ways to improve the quality of life of patients undergoing hemodialysis by exploring the relationship between social support, self-efficacy, self-management, and quality of life. Methods: From July 12 to August 31, 2024, data were collected from 125 patients who had been receiving hemodialysis treatment for >6 weeks at one tertiary hospital and one clinic in I City. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, an independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and hierarchical multiple regression with the SPSS/WIN 30.0 program. Results: Quality of life was positively correlated with social support (r=.51, p<.001), self-efficacy (r=.59, p<.001), and self-management (r=.39, p<.001). Social support (β=.33, p<.001) and self-efficacy (β=.38, p<.001) were identified as significant predictors of quality of life in patients undergoing hemodialysis, accounting for 44% of variance in quality of life (F=11.94, p<.001). Conclusion: To improve the quality of life of patients undergoing hemodialysis, their social support and self-efficacy should be improved, and continuous and systematic programs should be implemented