Impacts of Domestic Violence Experience on School Violence Action
?Centered on mediating effects of Developmental Assets-



Sung Sook Park
Major in Psychotherapy
Department of Education and Counseling for Children
Graduate School, Daejeon University
Directed by Prof. Sung Ok Ph.D.



Abstract


This study aims to verify if the developmental assets mediate the relationships between domestic violence experienced by adolescents and school violence action, and also this study has been carried out to identify if there is a double mediating effect provided by external assets and internal assets.

The themes of this study, which are classified into four categories, are represented as the following questions. Firstly, does the domestic violence experienced by adolescents have impacts on the external assets and internal assets, including the school violence action? Secondly, do the external assets and internal assets have influences on school violence action? Thirdly, do the external assets of adolescents have influences on the internal assets? And fourthly, do the external assets and internal assets play a mediating role between exposure to domestic violence and school violence action?
In order to get the answers, a survey of 1,450 male and female adolescents was carried out. The students were in the second and third grade of middle school and the first and second grade of high school, which were located in D city. And the 1,330 questionnaires have been selected as valid samples out of the total. The SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 18.0 have been used for the statistical analysis, including the descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, cross-tabulation analysis, and correlation analysis. And the relations among variables have been analyzed by using the SEM(structural equation modeling), and the medium effects have been verified by applying the phantom model-based bootstrapping as well.

The study results can be summarized as follows.
Firstly, it has turned out that adolescents exposed to domestic violence are more likely to involve in school violence action, as the domestic violence experienced by adolescents has a significant impact on school violence action.
Secondly, it has turned out that the domestic violence experienced by adolescents plays a role in decreasing the retention level of developmental external and internal assets, as the domestic violence experienced by adolescents has a negative impact on external and internal assets.
Thirdly, it has turned out that the more external assets the adolescents had, the more internal assets they could develop, as there was a big positive relationship between the external and internal developmental assets.
Fourthly, it has turned out that the more external assets the adolescents had, the more school violence actions they seemed to get involved in, as there was a big positive relationship between the external and internal developmental assets.
Fifthly, it has turned out that the more internal assets the adolescents had, the less school violence actions they seemed to get involved in, as there was a negative relationship between the internal developmental assets and school violence actions.
Sixthly, it has turned out that the external assets played a mediating role between the domestic violence experience and the school violence actions.
Seventhly, it has not turned out that the internal assets were playing a mediating role directly between the domestic violence experience and the school violence actions.
Eighthly, it has turned out that the internal assets had double mediating effects between the domestic violence experience and the school violence actions through the external developmental assets, so that it could be assumed that the external assets had a simple mediating effect on the relationship between the domestic violence experience and the school violence actions, and also the external assets had a significant double mediating effect through the internal assets. Therefore, it has been concluded that the internal asset has mediating effect on the relationship between the domestic violence experience and the school violence actions through external assets, though it is not a direct mediating effect.
As a result, it suggests that the increase in the level of external assets is related to the increase in the level of internal assets, which results in reduction of school violence actions, so that we may conclude that the school violence actions can be reduced by building up external and internal developmental assets. Accordingly, the study results show the necessity to build programs for promotion of developmental assets in connection with families, schools, neighbors and schools, including the necessity to intervene in the lives of adolescents in order to reduce youth violence and delinquency and secure successful growth.