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논문 기본 정보

자료유형
학위논문
저자정보

심상협 (전북대학교, 전북대학교 일반대학원)

지도교수
김영수
발행연도
2017
저작권
전북대학교 논문은 저작권에 의해 보호받습니다.

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Bacillus spp., which contributes to the fermentation of Cheonggukjang, is a common strain in nature (soil, air etc). Traditional production of Cheonggukjang may be caused unwanted fermentation or food harmful microorganisms. Therefore, in recent years, Cheonggukjang has been manufactured using starter strains. In this study, Bacillus strains were isolated from traditional fermented productions, and Bacillus cereus and biogenic amine production strains were removed and selected first. Enzyme activity was measured and secondary selection was performed based on protease activity. Then, the inhibitory effect of the second-selected strain on food-harmful microorganisms was evaluated, and the productivity of poly-γ-glutamic acid was confirmed. JBG17019 and JBD17076 were selected on the basis of poly-γ-glutamic acid productivity (6.44, 5.90 mg/g, respectively) and two strains were identified as Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens using 16s rRNA gene, respectively. After that, Cheonggukjang was prepared by using selected strains and fermentation characteristics were confirmed. First, the content of poly-γ-glutamic acid was measured during fermentation period. As the fermentation period increased, the poly-γ-glutamic acid content was found to increase (7.61 to 11.60 mg/g, 7.06 to 19.89 mg/g, respectively). However, the content of JBD17076 strain was higher at 72hr fermentation (19.89 mg/g). Viscosity also showed the same tendency as poly-γ-glutamic acid content. Vitamin K2 content was similar for 24hr and 48hr, but increased rapidly during 72hr fermentation (284.48, 301.23 μg/100g, respectively). The fibrinolytic activity of JBG17019 was high at 24hr fermentation (134.31%), gradually decreased at 48hr and 72hr (113.70%, 109.52%, respectively) and JBD17076 was low at 24hr and 48hr (69.69%, 76.55%, respectively) and then increased to same level of JBG17019 at 72hr (101.79%). In protease activity, JBG17019 showed similar activity during fermentation (1.72, 156, 1.66, repectively), and JBD17076 was high at the beginning of fermentation (2.30, 2.28 respectively), and decreased to the same level of JBG17019 at 72hr. The total free amino acid content of JBG17019 was significantly higher than that of JBD17076. The contents of glutamic acid and lysine of JBG17019 was increased as compared before fermentation (98.40 to 1210.58, 654.95 to 2046.93 mg/kg, respectively). Therefore, Bacillus subtilis JBG17019 and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens JBD17076 were obtained and their fermentation characteristics were confirmed. Considering the fermentation characteristics of these two strains, the possibility of being an industrially useful strain was confirmed.

목차

List of figures ⅳ
List of tables ⅴ
ABSTRACT ⅵ
Ⅰ. 서 론 1
Ⅱ. 재료 및 방법 4
1. 재료 4
2. 시약 및 사용기기 4
3. Bacillus spp. 균주의 screening 및 선발 6
3.1. 균주 1차 선발 6
3.1.1. 균주 분리 6
3.1.2. Bacillus cereus 균주 제거 6
3.1.3. Biogenic amine 생산균주 제거 6
3.2. 효소활성 측정 7
3.2.1. Amylase 활성 측정 9
3.2.2. Protease 활성 측정 9
3.2.3. Cellulase 활성 측정 10
3.2.4. Xylanase 활성 측정 10
3.2.5. β-glucosidase 활성 측정 11
3.3. 식품유해미생물 성장 억제능 11
3.4. γ-PGA 생성능 비교 12
3.4.1. 액상발효에서의 γ-PGA 생성능 12
3.4.2. 고형발효에서의 γ-PGA 생성능 12
3.5. 16S rRNA 유전자 염기서열에 의한 균주 동정 13
4. 청국장 제조 및 발효특성 확인 14
4.1. 청국장 제조 14
4.2. 발효시간에 따른 γ-PGA 함량 14
4.3. 발효시간에 따른 점도 비교 15
4.4. 발효시간에 따른 vitamin K2 함량 17
4.5. 발효시간에 따른 혈전용해효소 활성 19
4.6. 발효시간에 따른 protease 활성 19
4.7. 유리아미노산 분석 20
Ⅲ. 결과 및 고찰 21
1. Bacillus spp. 균주의 screening 및 선발 21
1.1. 균주 1차 선발 21
1.2. 효소활성 측정 21
1.3. 식품유해미생물 성장 억제능 26
1.4. γ-PGA 생성능 비교 28
1.5. 16S rRNA 유전자 염기서열에 의한 균주 동정 30
2. 청국장 제조 및 발효특성 확인 32
2.1. 발효시간에 따른 γ-PGA 함량 32
2.2. 발효시간에 따른 점도 비교 34
2.3. 발효시간에 따른 vitamin K2 함량 36
2.4. 발효시간에 따른 혈전용해효소 활성 38
2.5. 발효시간에 따른 protease 활성 40
2.6. 유리아미노산 분석 42
2.7. 발효특성 비교 결과 45
Ⅳ. 요 약 46
Ⅴ. 참고문헌 49

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