해삼內臟젓은 그 香味가 獨特하여 嗜好食品으로서 널리 愛用되고 있으나 그의 맛成分에 대한 硏究報告는 없다. 그래서 內臟젓의 맛成分을 밝혀 食品營養學的 基礎資料를 얻고져 三千浦産 해 삼 內臟을 原料로 써 熟成 中 遊離아미노酸, 遊離糖, 核酸關聯物質, TMAO, TMA 및 betaine의 變化를 實驗하였다.
해삼內臟의 遊離아미노酸 組成을 보면 含量이 많은 것은 glutamic acid, alanine, glycine 및 proline 이고 含量이 적은 것은 leucine, valine phenylalanine, isoleucine, methionine 및 tyrosine 등이었다. 含量이 많은 아미노酸의 全遊離아미노酸에 대한 비율을 보면 glutamic acid가 32.3%, alanine 이 16.4%, glycine이 12.0%, proline 이 10.54%로서 이들 4種의 아미노酸이 全遊離아미노酸의 71.2%를 차지하였다.
젓갈 熟成中 遊離아미노酸 組成에는 變化가 없으나 原料에 많았던 glutamic acid, alanine, glycine proline, lysine, arginine 및 leucine 등은 熟成期間에 따라 量的 變化는 있었지만 大體로 보아 젓갈 製品에도 含量이 많았다.
해삼內臟젓의 遊離糖으로서는 galactose 가 933.7~988.0㎎%로서 월등히 많았고, arabinose가 78.7㎎%, xylose가 55.2~77.1㎎%였으며 萄糖은 흔적량이었다.
核酸關聯物質은 젓갈 熟成 中 大體로 增加하는 傾向이었고 特히 含量이 많은 것은 hypoxanthine으로서 47.1~62.5μmole/g였으며, 呈味性이 强한 lMP도 比較的 含量이 많았다.
젓갈 熟成 中 TMA는 增加하는 反面 TMAO는 점차 減少하는 傾向이었으며, 해삼內臟젓에는 TMAO窒素가 30.0㎎% 前後로서 比較的 含量이 많았다.
젓갈 熟成 中 betaine은 점차 增加하는 傾向이었고, 해삼內臟에 545.0㎎%, 젓갈에는 734.2~934.2㎎%로서 월등히 그 含量이 많았다.
해삼內臟젓의 呈味成分으로서는 좋은맛을 가진 glutamic acid, 단맛을 가진 alanine, glycine, lysine, proline, arginine, 쓴맛을 가진 leucine을 主體로 한 遊離아미노酸, 그리고 galactose, arabinose 및 xylose등의 遊離糖, 단맛을 가진 betaine TMAO 및 核酸關聯物質로서는 lMP, hypoxanthine 등이 重要한 成分이고 이들 成分들이 해삼內臟의 獨特한 香氣와 texture등과 組合되어 해삼內臟젓의 風味에 重要한 구실을 할 것이라는 結論을 얻었다.
Fermented trepang entrails, Stichopus Japonicus, is widely used and occupied an important position in foods of this country. But little study on its taste compounds has been reported. This study was attempted to establish the basic data for evaluating taste compounds of fermented trepang entrails.
Changes of free amino acids, free sugars, nucleotides and their related compounds as taste compounds during the fermentation of trepang entrails were analyzed by amino acid autoanalyzer and high speed liquid chromatography.
Glutamic acid, alanine, glycine and proline were dominant amino acid in the fresh extracts, having 32.3%, 16.4%, 12.0% and 10.5% of the total free amino acid content, respectively. The content of leucine, valine, phenylalanine, isoleucine, methionine and tyrosine were low.
The free amino acid were not changed in composition but changed in amounts during the fermentation of trepang entrails. Glutamic acid, alanine, glycine, proline, lysine, arginine and leucine were abundant in both fresh sample and fermented products.
Free sugars in fermented trepang entrails, the results showed that galactose(933.7-988.0 ㎎%) was dominant and the content of arabinose, xylose were 78.7, 55.2-771㎎% on moisture and salt free base respectively but glucose was detected in trace amount.
Nucleotides and their related compounds were increased during the fermentation and hypoxanthine(47.1-62.5μmole/g, on moisture and salt free base) were dominant, IMP was abundant in fermented trepang entrails.
TMA was increased while TMAO was decreased during the fermentation. The content of TMAO nitrogen in fermented trepang entrails was 30.0㎎% on moisture and salt free base. The content of betine was increased during the fermentation and was ranged from 734.2 to 934.2㎎% on moisture and salt free base.
It is believed that such amino acids as glutamic acid, alanine, glycine, lysine, proline, arginine, leucine, such free sugars as galactose, arabinose, xylose, glucose, such nucleotides and their related compounds as IMP, hypoxanthine play an important role as taste compounds in fermented trepang entrails.