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John Keats shows dark hints of multiple meanings by his intentional enigmatic strategy in the point of appearance and reality in “La Belle Dame sans Merci.” He arouses the reader's curiosity at first and then leads to the quest and penetrates its mystery. Therefore we can see the characteristics of a riddle like a puzzle game, question-and-answer, and hide-and seek, which gives the poem its rich suggestive overtones. The unknown narrator asks and knight-at-arms gives answers to it, which signifies that there is a secret between appearance and reality in the poem. It becomes a motive which makes his readers quest by activating one's intelligent imagination while reading it. Also he uses figurative description, oxymoron, and paradox to fulfill it..
Therefore, we have to read the lines of his poetry, not as it seems to appear, but to catch the reality hiding inside it. The difference of appearance and reality is clearly shown by the relations of the knight-at-arms and a fairy's child. They are not only so different, but they also don't understand each other like the man from Mars and the woman from Venus, even though they seem to engage in idealistic and romantic love. While the knight-at-arms represents the world of man -- center-oriented tendency, reason, and actual life, the fairy's child embodies the world of woman -- margin-oriented tendency, emotion, and ideal heaven. Also he reveals teleological and vertical thought while she reveals ateleological and horizontal thought through their gifts and deeds for each other. That's why the knight-at-arms belongs to the realm of the cold hillside, while the fairy's child belongs to the realm of oxymoronic elfin grot in the poem, even though the cold hillside, a physically mutable world, is the place which could encompass the elfin grot by which means the knight-at-arms's visionary insight might be momentarily achieved. We also have to pay attention to that fairy's child as described by the knight-at-arms. Therefore they misunderstand each other even as there seems to be the appearance of understanding. He accepts her reaction wrongly without any right judgement on it and he just thinks of her in his own way, as he chooses.
This poem, therefore, creates double or multiple meanings like the embodiment of imagination or the universality of melancholy in life, which as a device, it becomes the poet's purposeful intention. Especially in the point of appearance and reality, it can be asserted through hide-and-seek using many kinds of poetic devices. This result can be confirmed by the fact that Keats regards life as a double or multiple sided thing in many ways. Life as a whole is made up of oxymoronic factors of appearance and reality, reason and feeling, reality and illusion like the head and tail of a coin to Keats. All these prove Keats was a romantic and modern poet even though he lived in the romantic period because he tried to write objective and impersonal poetry while he wrote subjective poetry which reveals the poet's self and personality.
Therefore, we have to read the lines of his poetry, not as it seems to appear, but to catch the reality hiding inside it. The difference of appearance and reality is clearly shown by the relations of the knight-at-arms and a fairy's child. They are not only so different, but they also don't understand each other like the man from Mars and the woman from Venus, even though they seem to engage in idealistic and romantic love. While the knight-at-arms represents the world of man -- center-oriented tendency, reason, and actual life, the fairy's child embodies the world of woman -- margin-oriented tendency, emotion, and ideal heaven. Also he reveals teleological and vertical thought while she reveals ateleological and horizontal thought through their gifts and deeds for each other. That's why the knight-at-arms belongs to the realm of the cold hillside, while the fairy's child belongs to the realm of oxymoronic elfin grot in the poem, even though the cold hillside, a physically mutable world, is the place which could encompass the elfin grot by which means the knight-at-arms's visionary insight might be momentarily achieved. We also have to pay attention to that fairy's child as described by the knight-at-arms. Therefore they misunderstand each other even as there seems to be the appearance of understanding. He accepts her reaction wrongly without any right judgement on it and he just thinks of her in his own way, as he chooses.
This poem, therefore, creates double or multiple meanings like the embodiment of imagination or the universality of melancholy in life, which as a device, it becomes the poet's purposeful intention. Especially in the point of appearance and reality, it can be asserted through hide-and-seek using many kinds of poetic devices. This result can be confirmed by the fact that Keats regards life as a double or multiple sided thing in many ways. Life as a whole is made up of oxymoronic factors of appearance and reality, reason and feeling, reality and illusion like the head and tail of a coin to Keats. All these prove Keats was a romantic and modern poet even though he lived in the romantic period because he tried to write objective and impersonal poetry while he wrote subjective poetry which reveals the poet's self and personality.
목차
Ⅰ. 들어가는 말
Ⅱ. 수수께끼 전략
Ⅲ. 화성에서 온 남자, 금성에서 온 여자
Ⅳ. 의미의 중층성 혹은 다층성
Ⅴ. 나오는 말
인용문헌
Abstract
저자소개
참고문헌 (16)
참고문헌 신청
[학술지(정기간행물)] - 이정호 / 1998 / 영시 새로 읽기: 워즈워스, 키츠 그리고 T. S. 엘리엇
[학술지(정기간행물)] - 존 그레이 / 2002 / 화성에서 온 남자 금성에서 온 여자
[학술지(정기간행물)] - Ed / 1983 / U of Michigan P
[학술지(정기간행물)] - Bennett / 1990 / The Reader in Thrall in Keats's ‘La Belle Dame sans Merci : 73 ~ 88
[학술지(정기간행물)] - Bloom,Harold / 1971 / The Visionary Company; A Reading of English Romantic Poetry
[학술지(정기간행물)] - 존 그레이 / 2002 / 화성에서 온 남자 금성에서 온 여자
[학술지(정기간행물)] - Ed / 1983 / U of Michigan P
[학술지(정기간행물)] - Bennett / 1990 / The Reader in Thrall in Keats's ‘La Belle Dame sans Merci : 73 ~ 88
[학술지(정기간행물)] - Bloom,Harold / 1971 / The Visionary Company; A Reading of English Romantic Poetry
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