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What kind of literary meaning has 〈A Raw Youth〉 in the sphere of Dostoevsky's creative world? Of the last five full-length novels, 〈A Raw Youth〉 is accorded the least esteem. From the standpoint of critical analysis, it lacks Dostoevsky's unique and authentic quality of inwardness, and the customary concern of his characters with moral and ethical hypothesis never really penetrates to the core of their relations to reality. The promising theme with which the novel begins is closely related with the efforts of the raw youth, Arkady. an illegitimate son. to win a place in the heart of his real father. Versilov, who has cruelly neglected him. This thematic structure is handled with an appealing freshness which Dostoevsky always seemed capable of invoking in his treatment of childhood and youth.
In terms of poetics, however. the plot is almost strangled by excessive motivation and a profusion of characters, very few of whom has a unique identity. However. the novel has a particular interest for whom. who wants to search for the quest for form of Dostoevksy's creative art. for in several passages he theorizes openly on the whole problem of emotional dualism which play such a large part in the psychological make-up of some of his greatest characters.
The central figure in this work. Versilov reveals an extraordinary degree of emotional dualism in his fierce passion, compounded of love and hate, for the mysterious Katerina Ahmakova. Several of Dostoevsky's leading ideas, as well as certain explanations of his creative process. are embodied in this striking characterization. He is a composite character in whose strange personality may be found the leading traits of several protagonists in the other great novels. Especially he recalls the enigmatic Stavrogin and like him, he leaves an incomplete but powerful impression.
Metaphysical and ideological hypothesis which is defined by Versilov formalizes the main stream of thematic plot of this work. Versilov's view concerning the relation of Russia to Europe is very similar to Dostoevsky's. He argues that the Russian is unique. the perfect cosmopolitan, whereas the European intellectual stands on the brink of destruction because of his revolutionary materialism and denial of Christ. For the Russian. however, Europe is a second fatherland and he loves all aspects of its real culture. Russia, Versilov maintains, which lives not for itself, but for Europe and the whole world. will in the end lead Europe to the kingdom of God and the ultimate salvation. Such beliefs Dostoevsky had expressed in his journalistic articles and in 〈The Diary of a Writer〉.
Further, in this novel Dostoevsky explains clearly. and for the first time, one of the underlying convictions that governed his preoccupation with the split personality in his fiction. He leads up to his explanation of dualism by a statement of the raw youth which has been much quoted: "it has always been a mystery, and I have marveled a thousand times at the faculty of man (and for the most part, it seems, of the Russian) of cherishing in his soul, his loftiest ideal side by side with the greatest baseness, and all quite sincerely". This observation, which could be applied to man in general, was no doubt prompted by Dostoevsky's insights into his own dualistic nature. And unlike previous manifestations of dualism in the novels, Versilov plainly recognizes these impulses. For he says in one place: "Yes, I am split in two mentally and I am terribly afraid of this. It is as though your double were standing beside you......"
Fusion of enigmatic dualism, which Versilov and Arkady themselves felt in their inner world symbolizes the characteristics of poetics of this work. And whatever may be the artistic shortcomings of 〈A Raw Youth〉, these and other considerations, based on thematics and poetics make this work one of the most significant works of Dostoevsky for an understanding of the man himself and of the creative devices that contributed so much to his total accomplishment.
In terms of poetics, however. the plot is almost strangled by excessive motivation and a profusion of characters, very few of whom has a unique identity. However. the novel has a particular interest for whom. who wants to search for the quest for form of Dostoevksy's creative art. for in several passages he theorizes openly on the whole problem of emotional dualism which play such a large part in the psychological make-up of some of his greatest characters.
The central figure in this work. Versilov reveals an extraordinary degree of emotional dualism in his fierce passion, compounded of love and hate, for the mysterious Katerina Ahmakova. Several of Dostoevsky's leading ideas, as well as certain explanations of his creative process. are embodied in this striking characterization. He is a composite character in whose strange personality may be found the leading traits of several protagonists in the other great novels. Especially he recalls the enigmatic Stavrogin and like him, he leaves an incomplete but powerful impression.
Metaphysical and ideological hypothesis which is defined by Versilov formalizes the main stream of thematic plot of this work. Versilov's view concerning the relation of Russia to Europe is very similar to Dostoevsky's. He argues that the Russian is unique. the perfect cosmopolitan, whereas the European intellectual stands on the brink of destruction because of his revolutionary materialism and denial of Christ. For the Russian. however, Europe is a second fatherland and he loves all aspects of its real culture. Russia, Versilov maintains, which lives not for itself, but for Europe and the whole world. will in the end lead Europe to the kingdom of God and the ultimate salvation. Such beliefs Dostoevsky had expressed in his journalistic articles and in 〈The Diary of a Writer〉.
Further, in this novel Dostoevsky explains clearly. and for the first time, one of the underlying convictions that governed his preoccupation with the split personality in his fiction. He leads up to his explanation of dualism by a statement of the raw youth which has been much quoted: "it has always been a mystery, and I have marveled a thousand times at the faculty of man (and for the most part, it seems, of the Russian) of cherishing in his soul, his loftiest ideal side by side with the greatest baseness, and all quite sincerely". This observation, which could be applied to man in general, was no doubt prompted by Dostoevsky's insights into his own dualistic nature. And unlike previous manifestations of dualism in the novels, Versilov plainly recognizes these impulses. For he says in one place: "Yes, I am split in two mentally and I am terribly afraid of this. It is as though your double were standing beside you......"
Fusion of enigmatic dualism, which Versilov and Arkady themselves felt in their inner world symbolizes the characteristics of poetics of this work. And whatever may be the artistic shortcomings of 〈A Raw Youth〉, these and other considerations, based on thematics and poetics make this work one of the most significant works of Dostoevsky for an understanding of the man himself and of the creative devices that contributed so much to his total accomplishment.
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