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논문 기본 정보
- 자료유형
- 학술저널
- 저자정보
- 발행연도
- 2000.6
- 수록면
- 49 - 70 (24page)
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This paper tries to understand the cause of stalemate of armistice negotiations in the Korean War. The armistice talks began in July 1951 and settled main issues such as a fixing of a demarcation line and the composition of the Neutral Nations Supervisory Commission for carrying out the terms of an armistice in the first half of 1952. But, the problem of prisoners of war (POW) could not be solved because both UNC and Communist Forces sticked to the number of prisoners who would be exchanged.
The key points of the POW issue is as follows. First, the Communists did not announce the accurate numbers of UN prisoners and did not deliver it to the International Committee of the Red Cross. Some of them were arbitrarily enlisted as the North Korean Army and even counted as the civilian. By these ways, they handed over about 12,000 numbers of UN prisoners, but actually the number of them is estimated over 90,000.
Second, the UNC did not gather sufficient informations about the number of UN prisoners and just estimated it very low about 15,000 numbers. In contrast, they held more than 170,000 and worried if they delivered 10 times more than communists side's. It could result in enhancing the strength of the communist army. And many of them who refused to go back home caused the UNC to consider an 'all for all' exchange of prisoners as unfair. Therefore the UNC proposed the principle of voluntary repatriation, while the communists attempted to secure agreement of general principle of repatriation of all prisoners based on Geneva Convention of 1949.
Both sides did not compromise the issue until the death of Stalin in March 1953. Without any humanitarian consideration on the POW, the talks became a kind of an ideological or psychological war for both sides in order to defeat each other in the cold war by obtaining even one more POW. These factors are studied as the main sources for the deadlock of the truce talks.
The key points of the POW issue is as follows. First, the Communists did not announce the accurate numbers of UN prisoners and did not deliver it to the International Committee of the Red Cross. Some of them were arbitrarily enlisted as the North Korean Army and even counted as the civilian. By these ways, they handed over about 12,000 numbers of UN prisoners, but actually the number of them is estimated over 90,000.
Second, the UNC did not gather sufficient informations about the number of UN prisoners and just estimated it very low about 15,000 numbers. In contrast, they held more than 170,000 and worried if they delivered 10 times more than communists side's. It could result in enhancing the strength of the communist army. And many of them who refused to go back home caused the UNC to consider an 'all for all' exchange of prisoners as unfair. Therefore the UNC proposed the principle of voluntary repatriation, while the communists attempted to secure agreement of general principle of repatriation of all prisoners based on Geneva Convention of 1949.
Both sides did not compromise the issue until the death of Stalin in March 1953. Without any humanitarian consideration on the POW, the talks became a kind of an ideological or psychological war for both sides in order to defeat each other in the cold war by obtaining even one more POW. These factors are studied as the main sources for the deadlock of the truce talks.
목차
Ⅰ. 머리말
Ⅱ. 포로 송환 원칙의 대립
Ⅲ. 송환 거부 포로의 처리
Ⅳ. 맺음말
English Abstract
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