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자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
저널정보
한국제노사이드연구회 제노사이드연구 제노사이드연구 제3호
발행연도
2008.2
수록면
67 - 99 (33page)

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This paper aims to survey the Soviet Gulag which was the core of the Soviet penal system during the Stalinist era, mainly focusing on its economic function. The Gulag was composed of the vast system of concentration camps, special settlements, labor colonies, psychiatric hospitals, and special laboratories that housed the millions of prisoners. Its origin dates to 1918, but it developed rapidly since 1929 when the Stalinist regime decided to exile hundreds of thousands of kulaks to the camps and special settlements which were located in remote regions of the country. Especially during the Great Terror in 1937~1938 the number of the Gulag inmates increased critically, leading to the deterioration of their living conditions. As a result of continuing expansion after the Second World War, approximately 2.5 millions of prisoners were confined in the labor camps in 1953 when the Gulag system began to collapse with the death of Stalin. Under the Stalinist regime the Gulag was the one of main suppliers of labor to the Soviet economy. Millions of prisoners worked in various economic sectors including railroad construction, forestry, military production, hydroelectric power, metal mining, and farming. But even though it has been generally argued that the Gulag played a necessary role in the industrialization of the USSR, the recent studies show that the prison labor was very inefficient.

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1. 들어가며
2. 굴라그란 무엇인가
3. 스탈린 테러와 굴라그의 확대
4. 굴라그 경제와 그 효율성
5. 나가며
Abstract

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