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A Strategy to Control Corruption in the Age of Electronic Government, Based on the Complexity System Theory
Corruption has been a serious problem with social and economic development in Korea. Even though all new administrations since 1960 have promised to prevent corruption whenever a new president inaugurates, there is no critical evidence that corrupted practices have been decreased.
Two types of strategy have been applied so far to control corruption. The first type is a traditional model. It applies a strict rule to a person who does not follow rule or law and commits corruption. Critics say that this model was more likely to be utilized by the regime that was insufficient in legitimacy and wanted to control public servants, not corruption. The second type, on the other hand, is a neo-liberalism model. This model has been developed since 2001 when the Anti-corruption Act of 2001 was enacted. It emphasizes on pro-prevention of corruption, multi-pronged approach. Such approach includes moral training, not of political leadership, but of a systemic solution that eradicates corruption, etc. However, statistics show that this system is not enough to prevent corrupted practices and that systemic, gigantic, structural corruption cases have been occurring in every fields of society.
The current administration of Rho, who inaugurated on Feb. 2003, again promised that prevention of corruption would be one of top priorities in his policies. Rho believes that if a perfect electronic government could be settled down, the problem with corruption could be solved at the same time. By definition, electronic government offers a rapid and exact administrative service easily and efficiently with clearness. However, it does not automatically guarantee a virtuous society because a new type of corruption could occur in a new administrative environment, such as electronic administrative services.
This study suggests that the complex system theory could be a solution to controlling corruption in the age of electronic government. The complex system theory has the following seven characteristics: wholeness knowing, emergence knowing, coherence knowing, resonance knowing, co-evolution knowing, meta-evolution knowing, and onceness knowing. These characteristics mean that each person in an organization needs to know what is going on in the organization and cooperate with each other to create a better environment; otherwise, the organization might not survive in the complex society. They also mean that each person needs to be connected in an electronic networking system, which can be utilized in electronic government, and share his or her own information. Hence all persons know what others are doing, and no one attempts to commit corruption.
Corruption has been a serious problem with social and economic development in Korea. Even though all new administrations since 1960 have promised to prevent corruption whenever a new president inaugurates, there is no critical evidence that corrupted practices have been decreased.
Two types of strategy have been applied so far to control corruption. The first type is a traditional model. It applies a strict rule to a person who does not follow rule or law and commits corruption. Critics say that this model was more likely to be utilized by the regime that was insufficient in legitimacy and wanted to control public servants, not corruption. The second type, on the other hand, is a neo-liberalism model. This model has been developed since 2001 when the Anti-corruption Act of 2001 was enacted. It emphasizes on pro-prevention of corruption, multi-pronged approach. Such approach includes moral training, not of political leadership, but of a systemic solution that eradicates corruption, etc. However, statistics show that this system is not enough to prevent corrupted practices and that systemic, gigantic, structural corruption cases have been occurring in every fields of society.
The current administration of Rho, who inaugurated on Feb. 2003, again promised that prevention of corruption would be one of top priorities in his policies. Rho believes that if a perfect electronic government could be settled down, the problem with corruption could be solved at the same time. By definition, electronic government offers a rapid and exact administrative service easily and efficiently with clearness. However, it does not automatically guarantee a virtuous society because a new type of corruption could occur in a new administrative environment, such as electronic administrative services.
This study suggests that the complex system theory could be a solution to controlling corruption in the age of electronic government. The complex system theory has the following seven characteristics: wholeness knowing, emergence knowing, coherence knowing, resonance knowing, co-evolution knowing, meta-evolution knowing, and onceness knowing. These characteristics mean that each person in an organization needs to know what is going on in the organization and cooperate with each other to create a better environment; otherwise, the organization might not survive in the complex society. They also mean that each person needs to be connected in an electronic networking system, which can be utilized in electronic government, and share his or her own information. Hence all persons know what others are doing, and no one attempts to commit corruption.
목차
Ⅰ. 머릿말
Ⅱ. 부패 현실과 전자정부
Ⅲ. 과거 부패 통제의 한계
Ⅳ. 복잡체계이론에 따른 부패통제 방안
Ⅴ. 결론
참고 문헌
Abstract
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