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논문 기본 정보
- 자료유형
- 학술저널
- 저자정보
- 발행연도
- 2012.11
- 수록면
- 373 - 401 (31page)
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초록· 키워드
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The first official Korean national anthem was published in July 1st, 1902, as “Korean National Hymn after Korean motifs by Franz Eckert” and thus believed to be a composition by Eckert until today by the most authors. We have found, however, that a very similar melody was already published in 1896 by Homer B. Hulbert as an example of “Korean Vocal Music”. This melody, one of the very first examples in history of Korean songs transcribed to Western notation, was seemingly a Korean folk song of that time, and there are a number of resembling folksongs that were transmitted orally at least until the late 20th century. Despite slight changes, especially in the beginnings and closings of phrases, Eckert has used the melody as a whole, and his expression “after Korean motifs” obscures the fact that it was rather an “adaptation” of a particular Korean folk song. So Eckert may have “chosen” and has certainly “arranged” the melody of the first national anthem of Korea, but he is not the “composer” of it, at least in modern terms. It is interesting, however, that no historical document is known where Eckert calls himself the “composer” of the hymn, and the circumstances and misunderstandings that occurred about it are similar in several respects to the case of the Japanese national anthem “Kimigayo”.
In this paper we reconsider the historical documents concerning this song in the light of the new findings, and we stress the historical significance of Hulbert as a mediator between the Korean and Western music cultures at that time. Since Hulbert was also one of the most important researchers of Korean culture and supporters of the independence of Korea, his (perhaps unconscious) contribution to the genesis of the first national anthem of Korea should raise an increased interest in this early document of Korean-Western musical creativity.
In this paper we reconsider the historical documents concerning this song in the light of the new findings, and we stress the historical significance of Hulbert as a mediator between the Korean and Western music cultures at that time. Since Hulbert was also one of the most important researchers of Korean culture and supporters of the independence of Korea, his (perhaps unconscious) contribution to the genesis of the first national anthem of Korea should raise an increased interest in this early document of Korean-Western musical creativity.
목차
1. 대한제국 애국가를 둘러싼 의문
2. 〈대한제국 애국가〉와 “바람이 분다“의 유사성
3. “바람이 분다“는 무슨 민요인가?
4. 헐버트의「Korean Vocal Music」의 역사적 수용
5. 에케르트는 대한제국 애국가의 ‘작곡가‘인가?
6. 끝맺으며
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UCI(KEPA) : I410-ECN-0101-2014-905-000678427