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논문 기본 정보

자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
저널정보
동국대학교 영어권문화연구소 영어권문화연구 영어권문화연구 제11권 제2호
발행연도
2018.1
수록면
63 - 93 (31page)

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The vision of transhumans and posthumans in the 21st century is a powerful paradigm. The main purpose of this paper is, at the time when our human species are trying to evolve ourselves, 1) to define a transhuman prior to a coming posthuman, based on Nick Bostrom, Francis Fukuama and several futurists’ writings, 2) to analyze the characters in Samuel Beckett’s absurd play Endgame from transhumanist perspective, 3) and to think together about how to find appropriate alternatives by presenting the transhuman problems from the point of view of literature and sociology in humanistic and practical level. The main contents of the paper consists of four parts. First, it shows that transhumanization of the present human being is proceeding through Hamm corresponding to the body of transhuman as a cyborg and the Clov playing a role as the prosthesis connected with Hamm’s body. Next, from Nagg and Nell, Hamm’s parents and old people with extended lives, it suggests that the development of genetic engineering can lead to the social and cultural problems that elderly people with extended lifespan can arise when they rely on transhumans without productivity and any work. Third, it questions whether it is justified that normal people use psychotropic drugs not for treatments but for control and enhancement of their emotions like Hamm that continues to seek a drug. Last, it presents a postmhuman vision of evolving from a human via a transhuman to a posthuman through Hamm standing on the fault line between a human and a nonhuman, and between a human and a posthuman.

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