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자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
Jieun HAN (Sungkyunkwan University)
저널정보
The Academy of Korean Studies Korea Journal Korea Journal Vol.60 No.4
발행연도
2020.12
수록면
58 - 85 (28page)

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After its liberation, Korea was divided in half—the South controlled by the American military government and the North by the Soviet Red Army. As rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union intensified on the Korean Peninsula, in October 1947, Pope Pius XII made a groundbreaking decision to send Bishop Patrick James Byrne to Seoul as the first apostolic visitor to Korea. His appointment was regarded as the Vatican’s recognition of Korea as an independent nation, even before the formal establishment of the Republic of Korea on August 15, 1948. Thus, the Cold War in Korea came to take on a significant religious dimension. The Cold War in Korea is generally regarded as a proxy war between the United States and the Soviet Union. However, the Holy See had its own agenda for confronting what it viewed as atheistic communists. In this context, this paper sheds light on Pope Pius XII’s papal diplomacy by exploring Bishop Byrne’s mission and the relations between the Korean Catholic Church led by Bishop Ro Kinam, the American military government, and the Vatican, in building an independent state in Korea. This paper also examines how anti-communism served as a driving force in the fight against atheistic Marxists and how religious leaders perceived the Cold War in the process of establishing a new state on the Korean Peninsula.

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Abstract
Introduction
The Korean Catholic Church under the American Military Government in Korea
Apostolic Visitor Bishop Byrne’s Mission in Cold War Korea
Role of Catholic Leaders in the Establishment of the Republic of Korea
Catholic Leaders’ Perceptions of the Cold War in Korea
Conclusion
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