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Mao Zedong's Perception of the World and the Variation of the 'Intermediate Zone' Theory(1946~76)
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마오쩌둥의 세계 인식과 '中間地帶論'의 變奏(1946~76)

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Type
Academic journal
Author
Lee, Wonjune (인천대학교)
Journal
The Korean Association For Studies Of Modern Chinese History Korean Studies of Modern Chinese History Vol.90 KCI Accredited Journals
Published
2021.6
Pages
215 - 242 (28page)
DOI
10.29323/mchina.2021.6.90.215

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Mao Zedong's Perception of the World and the Variation of the 'Intermediate Zone' Theory(1946~76)
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When Mao Zedong’s ‘Intermediate Zone’ theory was presented to the world, it was the first time in the history of the CCP that a unique world view, different from the Soviet’s, had appeared. However, as the cold war confrontation spread, the CCP accepted the ‘Two Camps’ theory of the Soviet Union and adopted the ‘Lean to One Side’ policy for the practical needs of state building, and as a result, the independence of worldview was delayed. Although the ‘Intermediate Zone’ theory was raised again after the Korean War, the meaning of it was different from the one raised in 1946. In 1946, since China was to be the core of the ‘Intermediate Zone’, an active role was assigned to it. But, in 1950s as China became a member of the ‘Soviet-led socialist camp’, not of the ‘Intermediate Zone’, the role of the ‘Intermediate Zone’ was more downplayed. It can be said that the ‘Intermediate Zone’ theory of the 1950s did not deviate from the framework of the ‘Two Camps Theory’, and was the result of policy adjustments according to changes in the international environment.
The ‘Two Intermediate Zones’ theory proposed in the early 1960s, meant that Mao Zedong"s world perception had begun to deviate from the official framework of the ‘Two Camps’ theory. As the Sino-Soviet relations broke down, Mao Zedong and the CCP leadership classified the Soviet Union as a hostile force, and these changes were naturally reflected in their world perception. The ‘Two Intermediate Zones’ theory was to include the developed capitalist countries other than the United States as a ‘Second Intermediate Zone’, which was to be different in nature from the existing ‘First Intermediate Zone’ consisted of underdeveloped countries of Asia, Africa, and Latin America, and thereby drawing them into the anti-U.S. united front. In that respect, the ‘Two Intermediate Zones’ theory did not change significantly from the ‘Intermediate Zone’ theory of the 1950s. However, as the contradictions between the Soviet Union and Eastern European countries were emphasized, the world perception of the ‘Two Intermediate Zones’ theory became very different from the existing ‘Two Camps’ theory or the ‘Intermediate Zone’ theory. The ‘Three Worlds’ theory presented by Mao in the early 1970s was the outcome of such perceptional changes of the world, and at this stage, the Soviet Union was officially classified as a hegemonic state more dangerous than the United States, and was set as the target of the global anti-hegemonic united front.
Historically, it can be said that the development of Mao Zedong’s world perception was a process of trial and error, leading towards complete perceptional independence from the worldview of the Soviet Union. The departure from the Soviet-centered worldview of the ‘Two Camps’ theory began with the ‘Intermediate Zone’ theory in 1946, and after going through some variations of the theory, the process was finally completed in the early 1970s with the appearance of the ‘Three Worlds’ theory. The evolution of Mao Zedong’s world perception can be evaluated as an important achievement in the history of Chinese nationalist revolution.
#마오쩌둥 #중간지대론 #일변도 #두 개의 중간지대론 #세 개의 세계론 #毛泽东 #中间地帶论 #一边倒 #两个中间地帶论 #三个世界论 #Mao Zedong #'Intermediate Zone' Theory #'Lean to One Side' Policy #'Two Intermediate Zones' Theory #'Three Worlds' Theory

Contents

머리말
Ⅰ. 독립적 세계 인식의 發芽: ‘양대진영론’ 속의 ‘중간지대론’(1946~63)
Ⅱ. 독립적 세계 인식의 확립: ‘중간지대론’의 변주(1963~76)
맺음말
참고문헌
Abstract

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