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The Effects of Cost of Children on Fertility Rate: Focusing on OECD Countires
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자녀비용이 출산율에 미치는 영향 : OECD 국가를 대상으로

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Type
Academic journal
Author
Yoon-Hee Choi (가톨릭관동대학교 보건의료융합연구소) Sook-Yeon Won (이화여자대학교)
Journal
한국정책학회 한국정책학회보 한국정책학회보 제29권 제3호 KCI Excellent Accredited Journal
Published
2020.1
Pages
103 - 133 (31page)

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The Effects of Cost of Children on Fertility Rate: Focusing on OECD Countires
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OECD countries, including Korea, have not escaped from the reality of low total fertility rate, which is below the population replacement level of 2.1. Although various policy efforts have been made to rebound the total fertility rate, there are many skeptical assessments of the effectiveness of related policies. In this situation, this study examined various factors influencing the total fertility rate, paying special attention to costs of children and policy for reduction of the costs. To this end, this study theoretically discussed the influence of the factors related to cost of children on the total fertility rate and derived a research model. A pooled time-series analysis was conducted with data from 22 OECD countries between 1995 and 2015. The pooled time-series analysis demonstrated the differentiated influence on the total fertility rate by the direct cost and opportunity cost of children. The findings show that policy factors such as cash supports, tax supports, care leave provision and care service reduced the costs. On the contrary, household expenditure for education and housing price to income, which are direct costs, had a negative influence. In the mean time, a positive relationship between otal fertility rate and female labor force participation rate and female wage as opportunity costs was uncovered. Also, child allowance positively related to total fertility rate. Interestingly, care leave provision for fathers had positive impacton the total fertility rate, whereas care leave provision for mothers had a negative influence. The meaning and policy implications of the findings were discussed in depth.
#출산율 #자녀비용 #출산관련 정책 #결합시계열분석 #OECD 국가

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강경희 / 2013 / OECD 국가의 양육지원 정책과 출산율 분석: 현금지원 정책, 보육시설서비스 정책, 조세혜택 정책을 중심으로 / 한국보육지원학회지 9(6):197~221 dbpia 고제이 / 2017 / 아동수당 도입 방안 및 효과성 분석 google schola 공선영 / 2006 / 경제위기 이후 인구학적 특성 및 사회경제적 특성이 기혼여성의 출산에 미친 영향 / 보건과 사회과학 19:103~126 google schola 김대철 / 2018 / 아동수당제도가 출산율 제고에 미치는 효과 / 재정정책논집 20(2):3~25 dbpia 김민곤 / 2016 / 저출산 정책으로써 출산장려금의 정책 효과성 연구: 서울 25개 자치구들을 중심으로 / 국가정책연구 30(2):163~190 dbpia

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