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자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
홍성곤 (고려대학교)
저널정보
한국서양사연구회 서양사연구 서양사연구 제55호
발행연도
2016.1
수록면
265 - 301 (37page)

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In the face of the Great Depression and the Hitlerfascism, the redivision of the world and the ‘peaceful’ reorganization of the international Order was the cardinal problem. In this political situation, the Franklin Roosevelt administration wanted to integrate Germany in the Free Trade system by the economic appeasement based on the Open Door policy in order to solve the conflict of the great powers and establish the American hegemony. According to this strategy, Franklin Roosevelt tried to push positively the American-style economic appeasement towards Germany from 1937. But Neville Chamberlain who understood that the policy of the Roosevelt administration aims to establish the Free Trade Imperialism based on the economic supremacy of United States responded to the American challenge by the anti-soviet union ‘alliance’ and the division of spheres of influence through the Hitler-Halifax talks in order to preserve the British Empire and the Imperial Preference System. According to this British strategy, the American-style economic appeasement which tried to coerce the Open Door system towards Germany through the policy cooperation between the two nations failed. Thus the Roosevelt administration followed passively the British-style appeasement policy from the beginning of 1938. Besides, the Roosevelt administration followed the policy of Neville Chamberlain because of the fear of communism after the Anschluss of Austria. In Particular according to anti-communism, the Roosevelt administration supported positively the Munich Agreement. But because of the Kristallnacht that occurred shortly after the conclusion of the Munich Agreement, the Roosevelt administration supported on the appearance the ‘aggressive’ policy towards Germany. But the aggressive policy of the Roosevelt administration was not the change of policy from the economic appeasement to the containment policy. Thus after the failure of revision of the Neutrality Act, the only alternative policy was to assist the conclusion of the Triple Alliance Negotiations between Britain, France and Soviet Union beginning from the spring of 1939. But the Roosevelt administration adhered to the traditional ‘non-involvement’ policy towards the European problems. According to this position, the Roosevelt administration asked for the solution of the polish crisis through negotiation to Hitler.

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