TGF-β promotes pericyte-myofibroblast transition in subretinal fibrosis through the Smad2/3 and Akt/mTOR pathways

Zhao Zhenzhen; Zhang Yumeng; Zhang Chaoyang; Zhang Jingting; Luo Xueting; Qiu Qinghua; Luo Dawei; Zhang Jingfa

doi:10.1038/s12276-022-00778-0

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자료유형: 학술저널

저자정보: Zhao Zhenzhen (Shanghai Jiao Tong University) Zhang Yumeng (Shanghai Jiao Tong University) Zhang Chaoyang (Shanghai Jiao Tong University) Zhang Jingting (Shanghai Jiao Tong University) Luo Xueting (Shanghai Jiao Tong University) Qiu Qinghua (Shanghai Jiao Tong University) Luo Dawei (Shanghai Jiao Tong University) Zhang Jingfa (Shanghai Jiao Tong University)

저널정보: 대한생화학·분자생물학회 Experimental and Molecular Medicine Experimental and Molecular Medicine 제54권

발행연도: 2022.5

수록면: 1 - 12 (12page)

DOI: 10.1038/s12276-022-00778-0

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Subretinal fibrosis remains a major obstacle to the management of neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Choroidal pericytes were found to be a significant source of subretinal fibrosis, but the underlying mechanisms of pericyte-myofibroblast transition (PMT) remain largely unknown. The goal of this study was to explore the role and potential mechanisms by which PMT contributes to subretinal fibrosis. Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) was induced by laser photocoagulation in transgenic mice with the collagen1α1-green fluorescent protein (Col1α1-GFP) reporter, and recombinant adeno-associated virus 2 (rAAV2)-mediated TGF-β2 (rAAV2-TGF-β2) was administered intravitreally to further induce PMT. Primary mouse choroidal GFP-positive pericytes were treated with TGF-β2 in combination with siRNAs targeting Smad2/3, the Akt inhibitor MK2206 or the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin to examine cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation into myofibroblasts. The involvement of the Akt/mTOR pathway in PMT in subretinal fibrosis was further investigated in vivo. Intraocular TGF-β2 overexpression induced GFP-positive pericyte infiltration and PMT in subretinal fibrosis, which was mimicked in vitro. Knockdown of Smad2/3 or inhibition of Akt/mTOR decreased cell proliferation, PMT and migration in primary mouse pericytes. Combined inhibition of Smad2/3 and mTOR showed synergistic effects on attenuating α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression and cell proliferation. In mice with laser-induced CNV, the administration of the Akt/mTOR inhibitors suppressed pericyte proliferation and alleviated the severity of subretinal fibrosis. Our results showed that PMT plays a pivotal role in subretinal fibrosis, which was induced by TGF-β2 through the Smad2/3 and Akt/mTOR pathways. Thus, inhibiting PMT may be a novel strategy for the treatment of subretinal fibrosis.

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