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Anti-Japanese Movement by Gihan Kim : From Armed Struggle to Byeonchaegyo Activities
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金起漢의 항일운동 : 무장투쟁에서 變體敎활동으로

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Type
Academic journal
Author
Journal
한국민족운동사학회 한국민족운동사연구 한국민족운동사연구 제110호 KCI Accredited Journals
Published
2022.3
Pages
121 - 158 (38page)

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Anti-Japanese Movement by Gihan Kim : From Armed Struggle to Byeonchaegyo Activities
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This paper examined the activities of Gihan Kim. He started the righteous army activities as a student of Insuk Yoo from Hwaseo School and he was involved in numbers of activities from negotiation to armed struggles and Confucian activities. These activities were performed under the purpose of preserving Confucian culture from the Japanese rule as a scholar of Hwaseo School. Kim participated in the righteous army of Pyeongsan in 1907 and defected to Maritime Province of Russia in 1909. After defecting, Kim joined Kwanilyak and Seongmyeonghoi to support the righteous army activities in Korea and other countries. Kim also worked as a contact between Yoo and the students of Hwaseo School. As the Xinhai Revolution in 1912 resulted in rise of Confucianism under the in Chinese Confucian movements, Kim interacted with Chinese government personnel and Confucian scholars at Chinese districts. In 1919, Kim joined Korean Independence League standing for restoration of monarchy and he was in charge of installing Korean branches as a member of convening authority. Kim opened the branches at Pyeongan Province and Hwanghae Province and installed central headquarters in Seoul as a part of the efforts to install the nationwide branches. Kim was arrested in 1921 and sentenced of 8 years in prison. According to past records, Kim passed away in prison. Later, it was found out that Kim was released in 1930 and organized Confucian group, Byeonchaegyo, for the independence movements. Kim changed from the armed struggle activities to religious anti-Japanese movements under the situation of the time and influence of Seunghee Lee in 1930s. Although Kim organized Byeonchaegyo to promote Confucianism and continue independence movements, Byeonchagyo activities were detected and dissolved in 1936. As a scholar of the Hwaseo School, Kim devoted his whole life to preserve the Confucian culture and carry out the independence movements. While his activities changed several times from the righteous army activities to negotiation activities, armed struggle activities, and organization of Byeonchaegyo after joining Hwaseo School in 1930, Kim kept on continuing the independence movements and preservation of Confucian culture based on the ideas of Hwaseo School. Kim was a significant figure who contributed on the independence movement and preservation of the Confucian culture by carrying on the Confucian ideas until mid-1930s.

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