Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibody Responses after Two Doses of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (AZD1222) in Healthcare Workers

Lim Sera; Lee Yuil; Kim Dong Wan; Park Won Sang; Yoon Jung Hwan; Lee Jung Young

doi:10.3947/ic.2022.0009

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저자정보: Lim Sera (Department of Infection Control Pyeongtaek St. Mary’s Hospital Pyeongtaek Korea.) Lee Yuil (Department of Infection Control Pyeongtaek St. Mary’s Hospital Pyeongtaek Korea.) Kim Dong Wan (Department of Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine Pyeongtaek St. Mary’s Hospital Pyeongtaek Korea.) Park Won Sang (Department of Pathology College of Medicine The Catholic University of Korea Seoul Korea.) Yoon Jung Hwan (Department of Pathology College of Medicine The Catholic University of Korea Seoul Korea.) Lee Jung Young (Department of Infection Control Pyeongtaek St. Mary’s Hospital Pyeongtaek Korea.Department of Patho)

저널정보: 대한감염학회 Infection and Chemotherapy Infection and Chemotherapy 제54권 제1호

발행연도: 2022.3

수록면: 140 - 152 (13page)

DOI: 10.3947/ic.2022.0009

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Background The kinetics of neutralizing antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) play an important role in evaluating vaccine efficacy and durability, herd immunity, additional vaccination, and prediction models of immune protection against coronavirus disease 2019. Materials and Methods Serum collection times were 4 and 8 weeks after 1st inoculation of AZD1222 (AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK), and 2 and 16 weeks after 2nd inoculation with 12-week dosing intervals. Neutralizing antibody (Nab) titers were measured indirectly using commercially available R-FIND SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibody ELISA Kit (SG Medical Inc., Seoul, Korea). Possible influences of gender, age, and adverse events on neutralizing antibody titer were also investigated. Results Nab titers (median inhibition %) started to decrease shortly after reaching peaks. This decrease was more pronounced in the elderly group (≥56 years) than in the young group (≤39 years) at 8 weeks (49.5% vs. 55.4%, P = 0.021) and 16 weeks (40.6% vs. 53.9%, P = 0.006) after the 1st and 2nd inoculation. And Nab titers were inversely correlated with age in the 8-week (r = -0.2091, P = 0.0284) and the 28-week group (r = -0.2811, P = 0.0029). Seropositive conversion of Nab reached 89.1% and 100% following 1st and 2nd inoculation. This 100% seropositivity was dropped sharply to 74.5% after 16 weeks. Compared to subjects without adverse events (51.8%), median inhibition was higher in subjects with one or more systemic adverse events (74.2%, P = 0.0203) or those with one or more local and systemic adverse events (77.1%, P = 0.0003). Conclusion Nab induced by AZD1222 (AstraZeneca, UK) vaccination started to degrade shortly after the production period. Nab titers were lower in the elderly than in younger group during the degradation period. This seems to be because the degradation process of Nab is more pronounced in the elderly. This may explain why the frequency of breakthrough infections, disease severity, and mortality were higher in the elderly and may require revaccination to ensure robust immunity.

Background The kinetics of neutralizing antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) play an important role in evaluating vaccine efficacy and durability, herd immunity, additional vaccination, and prediction models of immune protection against coronavirus disease 2019. Materials and Methods Serum collection times were 4 and 8 weeks after 1st inoculation of AZD1222 (AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK), and 2 and 16 weeks after 2nd inoculation with 12-week dosing intervals. Neutralizing antibody (Nab) titers were measured indirectly using commercially available R-FIND SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibody ELISA Kit (SG Medical Inc., Seoul, Korea). Possible influences of gender, age, and adverse events on neutralizing antibody titer were also investigated. Results Nab titers (median inhibition %) started to decrease shortly after reaching peaks. This decrease was more pronounced in the elderly group (≥56 years) than in the young group (≤39 years) at 8 weeks (49.5% vs. 55.4%, P = 0.021) and 16 weeks (40.6% vs. 53.9%, P = 0.006) after the 1st and 2nd inoculation. And Nab titers were inversely correlated with age in the 8-week (r = -0.2091, P = 0.0284) and the 28-week group (r = -0.2811, P = 0.0029). Seropositive conversion of Nab reached 89.1% and 100% following 1st and 2nd inoculation. This 100% seropositivity was dropped sharply to 74.5% after 16 weeks. Compared to subjects without adverse events (51.8%), median inhibition was higher in subjects with one or more systemic adverse events (74.2%, P = 0.0203) or those with one or more local and systemic adverse events (77.1%, P = 0.0003). Conclusion Nab induced by AZD1222 (AstraZeneca, UK) vaccination started to degrade shortly after the production period. Nab titers were lower in the elderly than in younger group during the degradation period. This seems to be because the degradation process of Nab is more pronounced in the elderly. This may explain why the frequency of breakthrough infections, disease severity, and mortality were higher in the elderly and may require revaccination to ensure robust immunity.

#COVID-19 #Vaccination #Neutralizing antibody #Adverse events #AZD1222

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Lim Sera

소속기관 Department of Infection Control Pyeongtaek St. Mary’s Hospital Pyeongtaek Korea.

주요연구분야 의약학 > 임상의학 > 내과학

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Lee Yuil

소속기관 Department of Infection Control Pyeongtaek St. Mary’s Hospital Pyeongtaek Korea.

주요연구분야 의약학 > 임상의학 > 내과학

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Kim Dong Wan

소속기관 Department of Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine Pyeongtaek St. Mary’s Hospital Pyeongtaek Korea.

주요연구분야 의약학 > 임상의학 > 내과학

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Park Won Sang

소속기관 Department of Pathology College of Medicine The Catholic University of Korea Seoul Korea.

주요연구분야 의약학 > 임상의학 > 내과학

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Yoon Jung Hwan

소속기관 Department of Pathology College of Medicine The Catholic University of Korea Seoul Korea.

주요연구분야 의약학 > 임상의학 > 내과학

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Lee Jung Young

소속기관 Department of Infection Control Pyeongtaek St. Mary’s Hospital Pyeongtaek Korea.Department of Patho

주요연구분야 의약학 > 임상의학 > 내과학

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