《한글 맞춤법》(1988) '문장 부호'의 형성 과정에 대한 비판적 언어 정책 연구 - 1970~1980년대의 변화를 중심으로 -

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저널정보: 한말연구학회 한말연구 한말연구 제65권 제28호

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In this article, I deal with three issues related to punctuation marks that have so far been outside the scope of interest in Korean linguistics. ① The process by which the “Punctuation Marks” was established as an appendix to the Hangul Orthography(1988) in the 1970s and 1980s. ② The changes in the content of the “Punctuation Marks” that occurred during that period. ③ The language policy-based interpretation of such process and changes. The newly discovered facts and my interpretations are as follows. In the 1970s and 1980s, the national government revised the Unified Hangul Orthography(1933), resulting in dozens of revisions. However, “Punctuation Marks” disappeared from all revisions up to 1983. I analyzed that this was because the orthography revision work at that time was focused on spelling and spacing issues excluding punctuation marks, and the Ministry of Education had internal regulations related to punctuation marks. In this situation, there were two possibilities for norms of punctuation marks: maintaining autonomy in each field or adding compulsory power at the national government level. The Hangul Society’s Hangul Orthography(1980) showed the former path, while the Ministry of Education’s Hangul Orthography(1988) showed the latter path. In the Ministry of Education’s revisions, “Punctuation Marks” reappeared in 1984 as an appendix to the entire document of the revision of major language norms, including Hangul orthography, standard language, and loanword orthography. Then, in 1987, it was incorporated into the Hangul orthography and then its position was adjusted to the appendix of the orthography, establishing the current system. Among the government’s revisions, the ones that showed significant changes in the content of “Punctuation Marks” were the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Korea(NASK)’s Hangul Orthography Revision, Standard Language Revision, loanword orthography Revision(1984) and the Research Institute of the Korean Language(RIKL)’s Hangul Orthography Revision(1987). First, “Punctuation Marks Revision” of the NASK in 1984 was based on the Hangul Society’s and the Ministry of Education’s punctuation marks regulations. And the types and functions of punctuation marks organized in the “Punctuation Marks Revision” were mostly carried over to the “Punctuation Marks” of the Hangul Orthography(1988). However, unlike the “Marks” of the Unified Hangul Orthography, which could be used as they pleased, the “Punctuation Marks Revision” of the NASK showed a distinctly homogenizing tendency in that it represented the variation in the use of punctuation marks as “confusion” and emphasized their unified use. Next, in the revision of the RIKL in 1987, there was a thorough attempt to hierarchize punctuation marks, and there was a great change in terminology. I interpreted this as an unconscious and unconditional structuralization that was consistent with the structuralist tendency of the time, which criticized the traditional grammarian’s descriptivism. The two most notable points in the changes in system and content of the “Punctuation Marks” revealed above were as follows. First, the long-term absence of “Punctuation Marks” in the orthography revisions. Second, the homogenization and structuralization of punctuation marks. And this study interpreted its meaning through concepts such as Habermas’s “colonization” and Foucault's “governmentality”, which are important in critical language policy studies. In short, the autonomous use of punctuation marks that was maturing in various fields such as education, publishing, and the press was homogenized through national governmentalization, and this had the effect of making the people excessively dependent on the norms set by the national government.

#문장 부호 #《한글 맞춤법》(1988) #1970~1980년대 #개정 #비판 #punctuation marks #Hangul Orthography(1988) #1970s and 1980s #revision #critique

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