지원사업
학술연구/단체지원/교육 등 연구자 활동을 지속하도록 DBpia가 지원하고 있어요.
커뮤니티
연구자들이 자신의 연구와 전문성을 널리 알리고, 새로운 협력의 기회를 만들 수 있는 네트워킹 공간이에요.
초록· 키워드
오류제보하기
The rural community in the latter period of the Yi Dynasty underwent changes in various aspects. One of the specially noteworthy changes was an increase in the number of petty farmers resulting from the differentiation of economic strata. The peasants became small-land holders to the extent that they could no longer make a living by cultivating only their own lands. It was for this reason that tenant farming as a side job prevailed among petty farmers so widely as to form one pattern of farming.
The land cadastres in the latter period of the Yi Danasty reveal that the land holdings of peasants were of an extremely small scale. However, this doesn't mean they were impoverished. The class system in the Yi Dynasty was strictly maintained, but in the latter period, a change was brought about to this system. That is, farmers were provided with the opportunity to acquire higher social status through the wealth they had accumulated.
These two phenomena seem to be contradictory to each other, for the occupancy of small lands by the peasants made it impossible for them to acquire higher social status, and the other hand, the acquisition of higher social status by the peasants was impossible with wealth. However, though the land holdings of the peasants were of an extremely small scale according to the land cadastres, they nevertheless had the opportunity to acquire higher social standings. The peasants could accumulate wealth through tenant farming, agricultural commercial production, engaging in commercial and manufacturing activities, and the development of farming techniques, etc.
The present write dealt with these problems connected with the social change in the latter period of the Yi Dynasty in his previous studies of the land cadastre of that time, and in this paper, he treats the development of agricultural technology with special emphasis on the development of the waterfield rice cultivation technique and the spread of the rice-transplantation method.
Before the rice-transplantation method was generally spread among the farmers, there were various rice-seed planting methods practiced, such as rice-seed planting in water-fields, rice-seed planting in dry fields, and transplanting of young rice plants in water-fields. The first two planting methods are called a direct planting methodf and the last one a transplantation method.
In the Koryo period and the early period of the Yi Dynasty, the direct rice-seed planting method was widely employed. Though the rice-transplantation method was already known in the early period of the Yi Dynasty, it was only locally adopted in Kyongsang Province and the southern part of Kangwon Province adjacent to Kyongsang Province. However, from the middle period of the Yi Dynasty on, this transplantation method gradually became adopted throughout Kyongsang, Ch'ungch'ong and Cholla Provices, and in the latter period of the Yi Dynasty, it rapidly spread across the country. Thus, in the reigns of King Sukchong and King Yongjo, approximately seventy or eighty per cent of the rice paddy fields in Korea were farmed by this method. Originally this method was prohibited by the government, but it was so widely employed among farmers that the government could no longer place a ban on it.
There were many reasons for the spread of this transplantation method in the latter period of the Yi Dynasty. One of the reasons was that this method had a high degree of adaptability and that with the diffusion of knowledge on agricultural technique, the farmers realized the merits of this method in that labor power in weeding and other work could be saved, that crops could be increased through the utilization of fertility, the removal of inferior young rice plants and semi-annual crops, and that rice-seeds could be saved. Especially, the saving of labor power was acutely desired by wealthy farmers for the expansion of their farming fields, and this fact, related to the totality of problems of rural economics of that time, is specially worthy of note.
In other words, the adoption and spread of the rice-transplantation method in the latter period of the Yi Dynasty were promoted by the economic factor of crop increase as well as by the technical factor of convenience in weeding. In this sense, we can see that compared with the early period of the Yi Dynasty, rice cultivation in the latter period was much improved technically and the economic consciousness of the farmers in rice cultivation was more sophisticated. Thus viewed, we can easily surmise that as a result of the spread of the rice-transplantation method, the productivity of rice must have been greatly developed, which, in turn, gave a great impact upon the rural community at that time. In short, the rural community in the latter period of the Yi Dynasty was marked by a social change and the differentiation of economic strata resulting from the increase in productivity. We can trace in this phenomenon the socio-economic significance of the development of agricultural technology.
The land cadastres in the latter period of the Yi Danasty reveal that the land holdings of peasants were of an extremely small scale. However, this doesn't mean they were impoverished. The class system in the Yi Dynasty was strictly maintained, but in the latter period, a change was brought about to this system. That is, farmers were provided with the opportunity to acquire higher social status through the wealth they had accumulated.
These two phenomena seem to be contradictory to each other, for the occupancy of small lands by the peasants made it impossible for them to acquire higher social status, and the other hand, the acquisition of higher social status by the peasants was impossible with wealth. However, though the land holdings of the peasants were of an extremely small scale according to the land cadastres, they nevertheless had the opportunity to acquire higher social standings. The peasants could accumulate wealth through tenant farming, agricultural commercial production, engaging in commercial and manufacturing activities, and the development of farming techniques, etc.
The present write dealt with these problems connected with the social change in the latter period of the Yi Dynasty in his previous studies of the land cadastre of that time, and in this paper, he treats the development of agricultural technology with special emphasis on the development of the waterfield rice cultivation technique and the spread of the rice-transplantation method.
Before the rice-transplantation method was generally spread among the farmers, there were various rice-seed planting methods practiced, such as rice-seed planting in water-fields, rice-seed planting in dry fields, and transplanting of young rice plants in water-fields. The first two planting methods are called a direct planting methodf and the last one a transplantation method.
In the Koryo period and the early period of the Yi Dynasty, the direct rice-seed planting method was widely employed. Though the rice-transplantation method was already known in the early period of the Yi Dynasty, it was only locally adopted in Kyongsang Province and the southern part of Kangwon Province adjacent to Kyongsang Province. However, from the middle period of the Yi Dynasty on, this transplantation method gradually became adopted throughout Kyongsang, Ch'ungch'ong and Cholla Provices, and in the latter period of the Yi Dynasty, it rapidly spread across the country. Thus, in the reigns of King Sukchong and King Yongjo, approximately seventy or eighty per cent of the rice paddy fields in Korea were farmed by this method. Originally this method was prohibited by the government, but it was so widely employed among farmers that the government could no longer place a ban on it.
There were many reasons for the spread of this transplantation method in the latter period of the Yi Dynasty. One of the reasons was that this method had a high degree of adaptability and that with the diffusion of knowledge on agricultural technique, the farmers realized the merits of this method in that labor power in weeding and other work could be saved, that crops could be increased through the utilization of fertility, the removal of inferior young rice plants and semi-annual crops, and that rice-seeds could be saved. Especially, the saving of labor power was acutely desired by wealthy farmers for the expansion of their farming fields, and this fact, related to the totality of problems of rural economics of that time, is specially worthy of note.
In other words, the adoption and spread of the rice-transplantation method in the latter period of the Yi Dynasty were promoted by the economic factor of crop increase as well as by the technical factor of convenience in weeding. In this sense, we can see that compared with the early period of the Yi Dynasty, rice cultivation in the latter period was much improved technically and the economic consciousness of the farmers in rice cultivation was more sophisticated. Thus viewed, we can easily surmise that as a result of the spread of the rice-transplantation method, the productivity of rice must have been greatly developed, which, in turn, gave a great impact upon the rural community at that time. In short, the rural community in the latter period of the Yi Dynasty was marked by a social change and the differentiation of economic strata resulting from the increase in productivity. We can trace in this phenomenon the socio-economic significance of the development of agricultural technology.
목차
등록된 정보가 없습니다.
참고문헌 (0)
참고문헌 신청함께 읽어보면 좋을 논문
논문 유사도에 따라 DBpia 가 추천하는 논문입니다. 함께 보면 좋을 연관 논문을 확인해보세요!
-
조선후기의 수도작기술 - 도·맥 이모작의 보급에 대하여 -
아세아연구
1964 .12
-
청년농업인의 영농다각화 활동 선택 결정요인 분석
농촌계획
2019 .01
-
논농업 효율화를 위한 들녘경영체 육성방안
한국농촌경제연구원 기본연구보고서
2015 .10
-
고령화시대 청년 창업농업인 육성체계 개선방안
한국농촌경제연구원 기본연구보고서
2017 .10
-
공물의 사용관계와 행정지도 - 논 소득기반 다양화 사업에 따른 간척지 임차농민의 보호와 관련하여 -
원광법학
2011 .01
-
논농업 활성화를 위한 쌀 사료화 방안
한국농촌경제연구원 정책연구보고
2011 .02
-
1970년대 외미 과잉도입의 실태와 성격 : 국가기록원 30년경과 공개 재분류 문서를 중심으로
지역사회연구
2012 .12
-
WTO 체제내에서 우리나라 통상정책의 과제 : 쌀산업을 중심으로
통상정보연구
2008 .09
-
李朝 三議政의 社會的 背景
한국사회학
1964 .11
-
충청남도 논습지의 생태계서비스 가치 평가
농촌계획
2015 .01
-
Oil Shocks and the World Rice Market Puzzle : A Structural VAR Analysis
Korea and the World Economy
2011 .08
-
DOMESTIC INTEGRATION OF RICE MARKETS IN THE PHILIPPINES AND ITS DETERMINANTS
한국무역학회 국제학술대회
2019 .08
-
농업구조정책의 평가와 방향 정립에 관한 연구 : 쌀 농업을 중심으로
한국농촌경제연구원 기본연구보고서
2011 .11
-
고려 11세기의 정치와 인주 이씨
인천학연구
2003 .12
-
경기도 청년농부 육성 지원방안
정책연구
2018 .06
-
농업인구 구조변화와 여성경영주의 영농특성
농촌사회
2000 .12
-
논벼 농가의 재배기술 선택요인 분석
농촌지도와 개발
2018 .01
-
조선시대 농업지대의 변화에 관한 연구 ( A Study on the Changes of Regional Structure of Agriculture in Yi-Dynasty in Korea )
대한지리학회지
1991 .08
-
청년 농업인 지원 정책 방향에 관한 연구 - 충청남도 사례 -
농촌지도와 개발
2018 .01
-
농업·농촌에 대한 2018년 국민의식 조사 결과
한국농촌경제연구원 연구보고
2019 .03
이 논문의 저자 정보
이 논문과 함께 이용한 논문
최근 본 자료
댓글(0)
0
UCI(KEPA) : I410-ECN-0101-2009-910-013487407