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Luhmann's 'Sociological Theory of Morality' and Its Implication on the Moral Philosophy
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루만의 '사회학적 도덕 이론'과 그 도덕 철학적 의미

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Type
Academic journal
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Journal
The Korean Sociological Association Korean Journal of Sociology Vol.36 No.5 KCI Excellent Accredited Journal
Published
2002.10
Pages
1 - 27 (29page)

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Luhmann's 'Sociological Theory of Morality' and Its Implication on the Moral Philosophy
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Recently, much scholarly work has been done on the topic of moral philosophy. At the same time, there also has been numerous criticism that relatively little studies have attempted to construct a scientific explanation on morality. Among those, an important criticism comes from Luhmanns work.
According to Luhmann, the fact that most work on moral philosophy has lacked reality is mainly due to the very characteristics of ethics. Ethics becomes an ideology by attempting to separate the good from the bad and place itself on the side of the former. This problem seems to result from the tradition of humanism which did not separate the human beings from the society. Luhmann provides a new system theory, which deals with the human beings and the society in terms of a system and its environment. With this mind, the question he tries to address is not the nature of morality, but its function in a given society.
Many critics have criticized that Luhmann remains a spectator, however. They have also argued that Luhmann ignores the contents of morality by overemphasizing its function.
From all this, it seems clear that Luhman follows Sade, Nietzsche, and Marx, all of those who attempted to attack the notion of morality, by digging into the societal origin of morality rather than its nature. In this vein, his view seems to belong to anti-or a-moralistic thought, one of the streams in the field of moral philosophy.
Luhmann does not entirely deny the notion of morality. Nonetheless, to judge from his argument, the sphere where morality plays a crucial role would shrink gradually as the function of a given society becomes more and more specialized. Two reasons are important: first, there would be little chance that morality enters the stage and plays a key role in the society of which function becomes differentiated and complicated. Secondly, due to the fact that the values in a society also become diversified, it is highly likely that morality works as the seeds of conflict rather than as a tool for integrating a given society.
#도덕 #기능적 분화 #도덕의 축소 #사회통합 #도덕의 기능 #morality #functional differentiation #reduction of morality #social integration #function of morality

Contents

Ⅰ. 머리말
Ⅱ. 루만의 도덕이론
Ⅲ. 루만의 도덕이론에 대한 비판
Ⅳ. 도덕 철학적 의미
Ⅴ. 맺음말
참고문헌
ENGLISH ABSTRACT

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