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Ha, Youn(1376-1453), and Ryu, Bang Sun(1388-1443) were born at the end of Kory? Dynasty and they were representative Dains, who enjoyed tea, at the early years of the Chson Dynasty carrying out the policy to respect Confucianism and to exclude Buddhism by adopting Confucianism as a its ruling ideology. And Dains who were well known to us were Seoh, Geo Jeong(1420-1488), Kim, Jong Jik(1431-1492), Kim Si Seup(1435-1493), and Lee, Mok(1471-1503).
The custom to drink tea which was prevalent in the Shila Dynasty was much more fashionable in the Kory? Dynasty. When a great religious service was performed, tea was always used at the service. Although the custom by degrees was slowly ebbing away in the Chson Dynasty, the custom never disappeared considering that Buddhism which had an inseparable relation with tea culture still stood at the center of not only the royal family and noblemen but also common people. Therefore it was possible that the custom would exist at the center of our forefathers' cultural life different from the royal court's policy.
Summarizing the change of our tea culture it is a general opinion that flourished Kory?'s tea culture became stagnant at the early years of the Chson Dynasty and was newly revived at the end of the Chson Dynasty. Therefore, in this thesis I studied the aspect of tea culture showed by the Chinese poem of Ha, Youn, a Dain, who supported the stagnant tea culture at the early years of the Chson Dynasty. That is, I studied Ha, Yeon's Chinese poems, who was born at the end of the Kory? Dynasty and both a Dain and literary man of the early years of the Chson Dynasty. I used a method to study literature for this thesis. And I examined into the aspect of tea culture by finding the poems about tea among 135 poems in Kyung Jae Series of Ha, Yeon's anthologies.
First of all, I studied Kyung Jae Series and his life based on his works. Also, I tried to analogize the aspect of tea culture at the early years of the Chson Dynasty through the analysis on the contents of his Chinese poems dealing with tea in Kyung Jae Series.
There were seven tea poems in the current literature of volume 1 of Kyung Jae Series. Two poems in a quatrain with five Chinese characters in each line and five poems in a quatrain with seven Chinese characters in each line. Among the seven poems, several poems were already released.
The contents of tea poems consisted of expression of his gratitude to somebodies and admiration of tea. He expressed his gratitude in its title and its text. What he expressed his gratitude in the title was its second poem, I wrote a poem thanking his friend for bring a kettle made of steel which was used in boiling tea water, and the third poem, I wrote a poem expressing his gratitude that a forest ranger brought pine-nuts. And his gratitude was expressed in the text of the first poem, Min, Ui Sang, a minister, wrote a poem saying good bye to Cho, Cheon. What he chanted the eulogy of tea was showed in the fourth poem, I wrote a poem smelling the tea brought by a monk who lived at Jirisan, a mountain dealing with the contents that he tasted the new tea at the last month of the year. The fifth poem is showing the yearning for his friend Kikum-busa An-Kyung. The poem expressed his admiration of tea's perfume. And he commended the virtue of tea in his sixth poem, I send this poem to the ruler of Chungcheong province. The seventh poem, the prime minister wrote a poem by using the rhythms of poem by other people enjoyed at a feast, showed noblemen's consideration for common people with drinking tea. This poem showed the tea culture of those days.
The tea culture of the Chson Dynasty was similar to that of Japan and the tea culture is not different from the recent tea culture considering that tea was used as a kind of presents showing respect for somebodies, and tea made people's mind straight, interchange between Confucianism and Buddhism through tea, and tea-food culture. That is, tea culture at Ha, Yoen's age played an important role in making tea culture flourish at the end of the Chson Dynasty.
The custom to drink tea which was prevalent in the Shila Dynasty was much more fashionable in the Kory? Dynasty. When a great religious service was performed, tea was always used at the service. Although the custom by degrees was slowly ebbing away in the Chson Dynasty, the custom never disappeared considering that Buddhism which had an inseparable relation with tea culture still stood at the center of not only the royal family and noblemen but also common people. Therefore it was possible that the custom would exist at the center of our forefathers' cultural life different from the royal court's policy.
Summarizing the change of our tea culture it is a general opinion that flourished Kory?'s tea culture became stagnant at the early years of the Chson Dynasty and was newly revived at the end of the Chson Dynasty. Therefore, in this thesis I studied the aspect of tea culture showed by the Chinese poem of Ha, Youn, a Dain, who supported the stagnant tea culture at the early years of the Chson Dynasty. That is, I studied Ha, Yeon's Chinese poems, who was born at the end of the Kory? Dynasty and both a Dain and literary man of the early years of the Chson Dynasty. I used a method to study literature for this thesis. And I examined into the aspect of tea culture by finding the poems about tea among 135 poems in Kyung Jae Series of Ha, Yeon's anthologies.
First of all, I studied Kyung Jae Series and his life based on his works. Also, I tried to analogize the aspect of tea culture at the early years of the Chson Dynasty through the analysis on the contents of his Chinese poems dealing with tea in Kyung Jae Series.
There were seven tea poems in the current literature of volume 1 of Kyung Jae Series. Two poems in a quatrain with five Chinese characters in each line and five poems in a quatrain with seven Chinese characters in each line. Among the seven poems, several poems were already released.
The contents of tea poems consisted of expression of his gratitude to somebodies and admiration of tea. He expressed his gratitude in its title and its text. What he expressed his gratitude in the title was its second poem, I wrote a poem thanking his friend for bring a kettle made of steel which was used in boiling tea water, and the third poem, I wrote a poem expressing his gratitude that a forest ranger brought pine-nuts. And his gratitude was expressed in the text of the first poem, Min, Ui Sang, a minister, wrote a poem saying good bye to Cho, Cheon. What he chanted the eulogy of tea was showed in the fourth poem, I wrote a poem smelling the tea brought by a monk who lived at Jirisan, a mountain dealing with the contents that he tasted the new tea at the last month of the year. The fifth poem is showing the yearning for his friend Kikum-busa An-Kyung. The poem expressed his admiration of tea's perfume. And he commended the virtue of tea in his sixth poem, I send this poem to the ruler of Chungcheong province. The seventh poem, the prime minister wrote a poem by using the rhythms of poem by other people enjoyed at a feast, showed noblemen's consideration for common people with drinking tea. This poem showed the tea culture of those days.
The tea culture of the Chson Dynasty was similar to that of Japan and the tea culture is not different from the recent tea culture considering that tea was used as a kind of presents showing respect for somebodies, and tea made people's mind straight, interchange between Confucianism and Buddhism through tea, and tea-food culture. That is, tea culture at Ha, Yoen's age played an important role in making tea culture flourish at the end of the Chson Dynasty.
목차
1. 序論
2. 河演의 生涯
3. 『敬齋集』
4. 河演의 茶詩
5. 結論
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