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On the State Ritual of Kokuryeo Kingdom -Focused on the Tong-maeng ritual-
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高句麗의 國家祭祀 : 東盟을 중심으로

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Academic journal
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Journal
The Association For Korean Historical Studies The Journal of Korean History No.120 KCI Excellent Accredited Journal
Published
2003.3
Pages
1 - 32 (32page)

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On the State Ritual of Kokuryeo Kingdom -Focused on the Tong-maeng ritual-
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This paper aimed to explain a state ritual of Kokuryeo kingdom, named Tong-maeng(東盟). This ritual is recorded in Chinese chronicle, titled Sam-Kuk-Ji(三國志). According to Sam-Kuk-Ji(三國志). the Tong-maeng is a kind of ritual to Sky god and held on October annually. It is a great meeting of Kokuryeo kingdom in which many peoples of Kokuryeo kingdom participated in. And ritual of Su-Shin(隧神). god of cave, was constitute a part of Tong-maeng. In this ritual, she was received from the cave and worshipped in a place near the river.
The meaning of this state ritual is can be understand through founding myth of Kokuryeo kingdom. According to founding myth of Kokuryeo, founder of Kokuryeo is Ju-mong(朱蒙), who is son of river goddess Yu-wha(柳花). Yu-wha conceived him through the contact with sky god or sun god in a dimly-lit room. So it can be said that the founder of Kokuryeo is son of sky god or sun god and sacred being himself.
Linking this founding myth to ritual of Su-Shin, a part of maeng, god of cave can be identified with Yu-wha, mother of the founder. Receiving from the cave and worshipped in a place near the river was represent the meeting of sky god and Yu-hwa. Therefore. ritual of Su-Shin is to celebrate the birth of founder of Kokuryeo.
This interpretation cause a question. If it is so then, why Tong-maeng was prescribed as ritual to sky god? I think that there are two way to answer this question. One is that Tong-maeng was constituted by many part of ritual, and ritual of Su-shin is only a part of it. The other answer is that it is due to particularity of ideas of god in ancient Korea. To explain in details, sky god and ancestor god is not different category. So worship of ancestor can be called ritual to sky god.
Lastly, it need to say the object of Tong-maeng ritual. A important part of Tong-maeng ritual is repetition of founding myth, which emphasized sacredness of founder. This repetition was held in presence of many peoples. So it is not only give deep impression to peoples the sacredness of kingship but also support the validity of kingship.
I arrive at a conclusion that Tong-maeng was kingship ritual in Kokuryeo.
#국가제사 #건국신화 #祭天 #東盟 #國中大會 #天神 #隧神 #隧穴 #朱蒙 #柳花 #《三國志》東夷傳 #Kokuyo #state ritual #founding myth #ritual to sky god #Tong-maeng ritual #gave god #Ju-mong #Yu-wha #Sam-kuk-ji

Contents

Ⅰ. 머리말
Ⅱ. 東盟 관련 기록의 검토
Ⅲ. 隧神祭
Ⅳ. 東盟의 명칭 문제
Ⅴ. 東盟의 참가 범위
Ⅵ. 東盟의 기능
Ⅶ. 東盟의 존속 기간
Ⅷ. 맺음말
〈ABSTRACT〉

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