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연구자들이 자신의 연구와 전문성을 널리 알리고, 새로운 협력의 기회를 만들 수 있는 네트워킹 공간이에요.
논문 기본 정보
- 자료유형
- 학술저널
- 저자정보
- 발행연도
- 2002.12
- 수록면
- 73 - 100 (28page)
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During the transition to democracy the human rights debate was centered on how to deal with the human rights crimes committed under military regime. The human rights crimes are expected to be settled under democratic governments in Latin America. But the punishment of human rights criminals was limited by a lot of reasons, such as the tensions between democratic consolidation and human rights, the restrictions of policy autonomy of democratic government and the priority of economic principles over human rights in the economic crisis and the neoliberal adjustment.
There were striking contrasts in resolving human rights crimes between Argentina and Chile. The Alfonsin government investigated human rights abuses committed in the former authoritarian period and punished the criminals for human rights crimes under military dictatorship. On the other hand, the Aylwin government only investigated human rights crimes but did not punished for human rights criminals. These differences in human rights policy between Argentina and Chile were due to the type of the collapse of authoritarian regime, the intention to resolve human rights crimes of a new democratic government and the abilities and attitudes of civil society, the balance of power between civilian government and the military.
Finally, I'd like to assert that these variables mentioned in the above have close relations in the process of democratic transition and the settlement of human rights problems. In Argentina, the transition was made progress through the demise of the former authoritarian regime. The ex-authoritarian groups, especially the military group, couldn't maintain their strength in the process of transition from authoritarianism to democracy. And the human rights groups positively claimed that the Alfonsin government should settle the problems regarding the human rights crimes and their criminals. In these situations, the Alfonsin government could investigate and punish criminals for human rights crimes. In Chile, however, the transition was made through the transaction between the vested military groups and the democratic ones. The military groups had a great influence in the policy making of the new democratic government in the period of its political transition. The civil society groups, such as human rights movement groups, couldn't make an intensive demand that the democratic government punish human rights criminals. In these situations, the Aylwin government didn't try to punish the human rights criminals.
There were striking contrasts in resolving human rights crimes between Argentina and Chile. The Alfonsin government investigated human rights abuses committed in the former authoritarian period and punished the criminals for human rights crimes under military dictatorship. On the other hand, the Aylwin government only investigated human rights crimes but did not punished for human rights criminals. These differences in human rights policy between Argentina and Chile were due to the type of the collapse of authoritarian regime, the intention to resolve human rights crimes of a new democratic government and the abilities and attitudes of civil society, the balance of power between civilian government and the military.
Finally, I'd like to assert that these variables mentioned in the above have close relations in the process of democratic transition and the settlement of human rights problems. In Argentina, the transition was made progress through the demise of the former authoritarian regime. The ex-authoritarian groups, especially the military group, couldn't maintain their strength in the process of transition from authoritarianism to democracy. And the human rights groups positively claimed that the Alfonsin government should settle the problems regarding the human rights crimes and their criminals. In these situations, the Alfonsin government could investigate and punish criminals for human rights crimes. In Chile, however, the transition was made through the transaction between the vested military groups and the democratic ones. The military groups had a great influence in the policy making of the new democratic government in the period of its political transition. The civil society groups, such as human rights movement groups, couldn't make an intensive demand that the democratic government punish human rights criminals. In these situations, the Aylwin government didn't try to punish the human rights criminals.
목차
Ⅰ. 서론
Ⅱ. 민주주의 이행과 민주정부의 인권문제 해결의 어려움
Ⅲ. 아르헨티나와 칠레의 인권문제 해결의 차이와 그 변인
Ⅳ. 결론
참고문헌
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