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The Emergence of Public Exhibition and Art Criticism in Eighteenth-Century Europe
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근대 유럽의 공공전시와 미술비평의 등장 : 18세기 프랑스와 영국의 사례

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Type
Academic journal
Author
Chun, Dongho (이화여자대학교)
Journal
Korean Association Of Art History Education Art History No.30 KCI Accredited Journals
Published
2015.8
Pages
279 - 303 (25page)
DOI
10.14769/jkaahe.2015.08.30.279

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The Emergence of Public Exhibition and Art Criticism in Eighteenth-Century Europe
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Abstract· Keywords

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What do we mean by the term ‘art criticism’? Art historians and critics have long been trying to suggest tentative definitions of it, but no definition seems to have been proposed so far that is satisfactory enough to encompass all the activities falling under the umbrella notion of art criticism. If art criticism is taken to connote any kind of discourses, either written or verbal, on visual media, it has been around ever since ancient Greece and Rome. Renaissance Italy, nonetheless, witnessed a series of sustained commentaries on visual arts beyond fragmentary observations, making it feasible to claim that art criticism proper developed in 15th-century Italy. The combination of literary criticism rooted in classical authors, philosophical aesthetics, and humanistic rhetoric all contributed to the emergence of serious discourses on visual arts, in addition to the rapid growth of demand for artworks for private and public consumption. A number of Renaissance patrons and agents left in written form their impressions and thoughts on what they had seen or commissioned. Although a humanist scholar named Leon Alberti even drafted in 1435 a book called On Painting in Latin, it stops short of being regarded as a piece of art criticism per se since it was not printed until nearly 100 years later, during which it had been circulated in manuscript form among a limited circle of learned scholars and artists. Most people of common sense nowadays would take art criticism to be some literary exercises on contemporary artists and their works, not so much on past art. Moreover, Such exercises are expected to be published in print form so that the general public can share them openly and easily. In this sense, the modern form of art criticism first appeared in the eighteenth century when public art exhibitions to which ordinary people had easy access were regularly mounted and remarks on the contents of the exhibitions were easily available so that anybody who wished or bothered to know about them could be readily informed. This study is an attempt to reconstruct some critical moments in the emergence of modern art criticism in eighteenth-century Europe in relation to vibrant public exhibition culture. Given the near inaccessibility from South Korea to primary sources in the form of numerous newspapers and pamphlets housed in European archives, this paper cannot be argued to contain substantial amount of original scholarship, but purports to present a summary account of the historical advent of art criticism in France and England in the eighteenth century.

Contents

Ⅰ. 머리말
Ⅱ. 프랑스: 살롱의 등장과 미술비평의 탄생
Ⅲ. 18세기 영국의 공공전시와 미술비평의 등장
Ⅳ. 맺음말
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국문초록
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UCI(KEPA) : I410-ECN-0101-2016-374-001866197