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자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
저널정보
한국생물교육학회 생물교육 생물교육 제47권 제3호
발행연도
2019.1
수록면
336 - 353 (18page)

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Korea’s 2015 revised science curriculum presents the knowledge and skills students should learn as achievement standards. These achievement standards correspond to the performance expectations outlined in the US’s Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS). The purpose of this study is to identify the learning content related to ecosystems at the elementary school level in Korea, and to suggest guidelines for improvement of the achievement standard. For this purpose, we analyzed not only the performance expectations but also the core ideas being taught in the elementary school curriculum, as organized by the NGSS topics “Interdependent Relationships in Ecosystems” and “Matter and Energy in Organisms and Ecosystems.” The concepts and goals extracted from NGSS were then compared to the achievement standards in Korea’s 2015 revised science curriculum. In NGSS, the key ideas related to ecosystem interdependence are presented beginning in kindergarten. That is, the interactions among the different components of ecosystems and the effects of humans on the environment are presented step-by-step, beginning in the lowest grades. In contrast, grades 1-2 of Korea’s 2015 revised curriculum focus on learning about the characteristics of organisms, while grades 3-4 deal with adaptations of organisms to the environment. The impact of human beings on the environment are dealt with in grades 5-6, but the effects of biotic factors on the environment are rarely presented. Content on the materials and energy of the ecosystem first starts being taught in grade 5 in both the NGSS and the 2015 revised curriculum. However, the NGSS specifically flags the learning content as disciplinary core ideas, while the 2015 revised curriculum presents the learning element merely as class content. An analysis of educational objectives revealed that both NGSS and the 2015 revised curriculum mainly uses, as their standard, the cognitive process of “understanding,” as described in Bloom’s revised taxonomy of educational objectives. However, NGSS shows performance-focused statements,whereas the 2015 revised curriculum shows content-focused and activity-focused statements. Therefore, it is necessary to systematize the learning content about the concept of ecosystems in elementary school, and to complement thecurriculum’s achievement standards with performance-focused statements.
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