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논문 기본 정보

자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
孫章勳 (高麗大學校)
저널정보
중국근현대사학회 중국근현대사연구 中國近現代史硏究 第90輯
발행연도
2021.6
수록면
157 - 190 (34page)
DOI
10.29323/mchina.2021.6.90.157

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초록· 키워드

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The image of governing grassroots of Shanghai pictured by Chinese Communist Party(CCP) is clear; the society led by Laborer(gong ren). Until establishment of People’s Republic of China (PRC), local affairs in street and neighborhood was carried out by authorities(weiwang renshi). Bao-Jia leaders, merchants, landlords, and bullies took care of every business and welfare, establishing diverse autonomous residential organizations. CCP defined the local authorities in Shanghai grass roots as corrupted and feudal dictators of neighborhood who exploit residents. In 1954, party-state tried to change leadership of neighborhood of Shanghai through rectification movement(zhengdun). CCP in Shanghai sent the work team to neighborhood to accuse grassroots cadres. Work team revealed corruption and reactionary behaviors of the cadres to residents. After re-election of residents’ committee and residential group[jumin xiaozu], most of elected persons were workers or their families. ‘Leadership of working class’ in neighborhood came true. However, new neighborhood cadres exhibited other kind of problematic attitude. They were basically not earnest to do community work, intentionally avoiding their duty[guaming]. Party-state try to correct the cadres through several means. It recruited neighborhood cadres from unemployed people to lessen work burden in grassroots society and in late 1950s, subordinates of party was established in every neighborhood to watch and educate the local cadres. However, the problem of grassroots cadres sustained. It is because characteristics of neighborhood cadres that they were not only cadres but also worker so did their job and neighborhood work at the same time still existed. Despite of the problem caused by neighborhood cadres from workers, party-state have had the negative attitude to make professional cadres specialized for neighborhood work to prevent their bureaucraticism. Even after Chinese Reform in 1970s, the stand of Party-state about neighborhood cadre basically did not change. However, according to the change of contemporary society, the traditional belief of party-state about neighborhood cadre would be challenged.

목차

Ⅰ. 서론
Ⅱ. 民國 시기: 保甲制와 威望人士
Ⅲ. 1950년대 上海市의 里弄幹部
Ⅳ. 文化大革命 이후 改革開放까지: 基層幹部 대우의 조정
Ⅴ. 결론
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