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논문 기본 정보
- 자료유형
- 학술저널
- 저자정보
- 저널정보
- 동양사학회 동양사학연구 東洋史學硏究 第157輯
- 발행연도
- 2021.12
- 수록면
- 191 - 227 (37page)
- DOI
- 10.17856/jahs.2021.12.157.191
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초록· 키워드
오류제보하기
Since the official establishment of diplomatic relations with Ming in 1369, Goryeo set the number of regular envoy missions to the Ming capital city of Nanjing to ‘three times a year’: for the birthdays of the Ming emperor and the crown prince as well as for the lunar New Year"s Day. As Goryeo sent envoys far more frequently than before in 1372, however, Ming Taizu 太祖 Zhu Yuanzhang 朱元璋 grew suspicious that Goryeo might be conducting espionage activities. When having an audience with Goryeo envoys who came to Nanjing for the 6th New Years Day mission of the Hongwu 洪武 era, Zhu Yuanzhang requested that Goryeo drastically reduce the frequency of regular missions to ‘once every three years’ only for the New Year"s Day. This request remained valid for more than a decade until the original frequency of ‘three times a year’ was fully restored in 1385, the 18th year of the Hongwu era.
This paper pays attention to the fact that the records regarding the Goryeo envoy missions in the History of Goryeo 高麗史 and the Ming Veritable Records 明實錄 do not match. According to the former, the Goryeo court, after having attempted to send a regular mission one more time as an effort to resolve Zhu Yuanzhang"s suspicion, ended up with following the triennial schedule set by the Ming emperor, dispatching envoys to celebrate the 9th, 12th, 15th, and 18th New Year"s Days of the Hongwu era. The latter writes that Goryeo, after having sent the last annual mission for the 8th New Year"s Day, dispatched its first triennial mission for the 11th New Year"s Day, which shows that Zhu Yuanzhang had not issued the order of ‘once every three years’ until after the 8th New Year"s Day.
Through a comparative critical analysis of relevant historical sources available now, this paper shows that the compilers of the Ming Veritable Records manipulated the records. Those three arrivals of Goryeo missions for the 7th, 8th, and 11th New Year’s Days as recorded in the Ming Veritable Records, did not take place at all. Moreover, the compilers of the Ming Veritable Records chose not to mention some of Goryeo envoy missions which actually took place. Because of such manipulations, the readers of the Ming Veritable Records cannot notice that the ‘normal’ ties between Goryeo and Ming had already been broken since King Gongmin’s 恭愍王 assassination. By manipulating these records, the compilers of the Ming Veritable Records intended to create the image that Goryeo-Ming relations remained ‘normal’ under the benevolent emperor who reduced tribute burdens for Goryeo.
This paper pays attention to the fact that the records regarding the Goryeo envoy missions in the History of Goryeo 高麗史 and the Ming Veritable Records 明實錄 do not match. According to the former, the Goryeo court, after having attempted to send a regular mission one more time as an effort to resolve Zhu Yuanzhang"s suspicion, ended up with following the triennial schedule set by the Ming emperor, dispatching envoys to celebrate the 9th, 12th, 15th, and 18th New Year"s Days of the Hongwu era. The latter writes that Goryeo, after having sent the last annual mission for the 8th New Year"s Day, dispatched its first triennial mission for the 11th New Year"s Day, which shows that Zhu Yuanzhang had not issued the order of ‘once every three years’ until after the 8th New Year"s Day.
Through a comparative critical analysis of relevant historical sources available now, this paper shows that the compilers of the Ming Veritable Records manipulated the records. Those three arrivals of Goryeo missions for the 7th, 8th, and 11th New Year’s Days as recorded in the Ming Veritable Records, did not take place at all. Moreover, the compilers of the Ming Veritable Records chose not to mention some of Goryeo envoy missions which actually took place. Because of such manipulations, the readers of the Ming Veritable Records cannot notice that the ‘normal’ ties between Goryeo and Ming had already been broken since King Gongmin’s 恭愍王 assassination. By manipulating these records, the compilers of the Ming Veritable Records intended to create the image that Goryeo-Ming relations remained ‘normal’ under the benevolent emperor who reduced tribute burdens for Goryeo.
목차
Ⅰ. 문제의 소재
Ⅱ. 홍무 5년(1372), 명의 ‘3년 1행’ 요구와 그 배경
Ⅲ. 고려의 ‘3년 1행’ 실행
Ⅳ. 『명태조실록』의 ‘3년 1행’ 기록 조작
Ⅴ. 맺음말
참고문헌
Abstract
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