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논문 기본 정보

자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
배희숙 (장로회신학대학교)
저널정보
대한성서공회 성경원문연구 성경원문연구 제53호
발행연도
2023.10
수록면
90 - 110 (21page)
DOI
10.28977/jbtr.2023.10.53.90

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The Book of Ruth has four chapters, but offers multiple perspectives. First, the fact that the book is set in Bethlehem and David is mentioned at the end of the narrative (4:17b) and in the genealogy (4:18-22) provides a context for reading it from David’s point of view. According to this interpretation, the Book of Ruth is about Israel not Ruth and Naomi. Second, unlike other biblical books, the Book of Ruth focuses on women’s lives and relates events from their perspective; thus, it is viewed as a story of women building the “house of Israel” during a time of crisis. It is ambiguous in this reading whether Naomi or Ruth is the protagonist. Thirdly, the Book of Ruth makes references to or allusions to other Old Testament texts; consequently, it can be read from a canonical perspective by comparing them.
This article reconsiders the Korean translations of Ruth 1:9; 2:7; 3:16 in an effort to enhance understanding of the Book of Ruth.
(1) Naomi urges her two daughters-in-law to return to Moab while traveling from Moab to Bethlehem. Naomi’s unanticipated advice in 1:9, following her request for YHWH’s favor, indicates that the loss of her husband and two sons has diminished her faith in God. Thus, 1:9 provides a reading orientation for the Book of Ruth, namely, to investigate how Naomi’s initial emptiness is filled.
(2) The first phrase of the Book of Ruth positions it in the time of the Judges. In general, intertextual analysis reveals that the Book of Ruth depicts Bethlehem differently from the Book of Judges. In Ruth 2:7, however, the words of Boaz’s field overseer disclose hostile attitudes toward Ruth and her vulnerability to sexual violence in Boaz’s fields. Bethlehem was not a perfect community from the beginning.
(3) Naomi’s question, “Who are you, my daughter?” in Ruth 3:16, is not a query about Ruth’s identification but rather a reflection of her surprise at seeing Ruth enter with her grain-filled apron. This image of a pregnant woman symbolizes the filling of Naomi’s emptiness through Ruth’s birth of a son. In this manner, the book suggests that Ruth, Naomi’s foreign daughter-in-law, facilitates Naomi’s transformation from an initial state of emptiness to one of fullness.
The Book of Ruth depicts not only Naomi’s transformation from “emptiness” to “fullness” but also Bethlehem’s transformation from hostility to benediction toward the foreign woman Ruth. The catalyst for this transformation was Boaz. Therefore, the Book of Ruth is not only a response to the issue of mixed marriage that appears in Ezra and Nehemiah after the exile but also a vision of an ideal society. A welcoming attitude toward foreigners is essential for the dawn of a new era, according to the Book of Ruth.

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