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논문 기본 정보

자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
저널정보
역사교육연구회 역사교육 역사교육 제98집
발행연도
2006.6
수록면
295 - 311 (17page)

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초록· 키워드

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The former West Germany has set an outstanding example in facilitating international reconciliation and cooperation through history education. Since the 1950s, West Germany engaged in discussions over history textbooks with its neighboring states, such as France and Poland, which had suffered at the hands of the Nazi regime's aggressions and massacres. Through the longterm process of the bilateral German-French and German-Polish consultations, one was able to gradually wipe out unfair and wrong perceptions of history that were potential sources of hostility toward each other.
The German success in conducting history textbook consultations was attributable to changes in historical studies and education. In the 1970s historians in West Germany showed a strong tendency to study social history for the sake of “Historische Sozialwissenschaft (historical social science)”, stressing the analysis of social structure and critical perspective of history to achieve social enlightenment. This tendency of new historical science, called “critical social history”, has greatly contributed to breaking with the tradition of nationalist historical descriptions that continued beyond World War II, arguing that German history evolved, deviating from the “normal” path of British and French history, and the “peculiar” path followed by German history from the 19th century formed the background of Nazism, the indelible tragedy of German history. Likewise, social historian's efforts toward a “de-nationalist” view of history played a important role in starting textbook negotiations.
The German example shows that history education should help people rid themselves of narrow stereotypes and prejudices inherent in a self-centered perception of history, understand history from various perspectives, and perceive national history from a critical viewpoint. In other words, history education should serve to foster civic awareness to facilitate the development of democratic, open-minded, and responsible members of society, rather than instilling sense of state or nation for the goal of a collective identity as a singular community. This goal of history education implies criticism against a call for breaking with the “self-accusatory view of national history”, as reflected in some Japanese history textbooks.

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