지원사업
학술연구/단체지원/교육 등 연구자 활동을 지속하도록 DBpia가 지원하고 있어요.
커뮤니티
연구자들이 자신의 연구와 전문성을 널리 알리고, 새로운 협력의 기회를 만들 수 있는 네트워킹 공간이에요.
초록· 키워드
오류제보하기
Dumping is a type of price discrimination. Dumping as described in the WTO Agreement is often expressed as the sale of products for export at a price less than "normal value," where normal value means roughly the price for which those same products are sold on the home or exporting market.
Although such dumping is widely regarded as legitimate business strategy to maximize profits, international trade law provides importing countries with remedies to countervail this allegedly unfair practice when such dumping materially injures domestic industries. In the WTO, anti-dumping duties are imposed by an importing country when dumping has occurred.
To impose anti-dumping duties, the first step is to determine the margin of dumping. The margin of dumping is the difference between the home-market sales price and the export sales price. The calculation of dumping margins is set out in Article 2.4.2 of the WTO Anti-dumping Agreement.
However, there are certain countries that calculate dumping margins inconsistently with the Agreement. The 'zeroing' practice is the most commonly used type of exceeding the amount of dumping margins. The US Department of Commerce (USDOC) determines a general dumping margin over a particular product in Question by summing up each individual dumping margin (normal value minus export price) computed in a group (an "averaging group") of identical products. In doing so, the USDOC disregards any "negative" dumping margin (any excess of export price over normal value) in the group by simply zeroing it. Thus, a general margin tends to be inflated because such practice precludes any offsetting effect of negative margins.
However, the WTO has held that the 'zeroing' practice is inconsistent with the Anti -dumping Agreement by stating that a comparison of "all" transactions to ensure a "fair comparison" does not permit negating the benefits to exporters of any non-dumped transactions.
Recently, the Doha Development Agenda has been established to prevent unfair trade practice. Moreover, there is a strong opinion to prohibit the use of the 'zeroing' practice by clarifying in the WTO Agreement. Thus, it is necessary, at this current stage, to find out the legitimacy of such practice in order to prevent the reoccurrence and, ultimately, to secure the fair trade order.
Although such dumping is widely regarded as legitimate business strategy to maximize profits, international trade law provides importing countries with remedies to countervail this allegedly unfair practice when such dumping materially injures domestic industries. In the WTO, anti-dumping duties are imposed by an importing country when dumping has occurred.
To impose anti-dumping duties, the first step is to determine the margin of dumping. The margin of dumping is the difference between the home-market sales price and the export sales price. The calculation of dumping margins is set out in Article 2.4.2 of the WTO Anti-dumping Agreement.
However, there are certain countries that calculate dumping margins inconsistently with the Agreement. The 'zeroing' practice is the most commonly used type of exceeding the amount of dumping margins. The US Department of Commerce (USDOC) determines a general dumping margin over a particular product in Question by summing up each individual dumping margin (normal value minus export price) computed in a group (an "averaging group") of identical products. In doing so, the USDOC disregards any "negative" dumping margin (any excess of export price over normal value) in the group by simply zeroing it. Thus, a general margin tends to be inflated because such practice precludes any offsetting effect of negative margins.
However, the WTO has held that the 'zeroing' practice is inconsistent with the Anti -dumping Agreement by stating that a comparison of "all" transactions to ensure a "fair comparison" does not permit negating the benefits to exporters of any non-dumped transactions.
Recently, the Doha Development Agenda has been established to prevent unfair trade practice. Moreover, there is a strong opinion to prohibit the use of the 'zeroing' practice by clarifying in the WTO Agreement. Thus, it is necessary, at this current stage, to find out the legitimacy of such practice in order to prevent the reoccurrence and, ultimately, to secure the fair trade order.
목차
Ⅰ. 서론
Ⅱ. 덤핑마진의 산정방법과 ‘zeroing‘ 관행
Ⅲ. 미국의 덤핑마진 산정에 대한 법, 규제와 방법에 관한 사건
Ⅳ. 결론
[ABSTRACT]
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