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Social Spaces of Status and Relations for Overseas Chinese in Korea : Focusing on Guanxi(關係) and Hui(會) of Overseas Chinese in Incheon
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한국 화교(華僑)의 사회적 지위와 관계의 공간 : 인천 화교의 관시(關係)와 후이(會)를 중심으로

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Type
Academic journal
Author
Journal
Institute of Cross-Cultural Studies Cross-Cultural Studies Vol.14 No.1 KCI Accredited Journals
Published
2008.1
Pages
75 - 122 (48page)

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Social Spaces of Status and Relations for Overseas Chinese in Korea : Focusing on Guanxi(關係) and Hui(會) of Overseas Chinese in Incheon
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In studying how overseas Chinese living in Chinatown and Incheon area perceive space and place and practice such perceptions this article aims to examine in a concrete way cultural identity of overseas Chinese in Korea and the mechanism of social change and adaptation in Chinatown. Incheon community of overseas Chinese is a kind of spatial enclave that expands beyond the physical place of Chinatown. This moral and communal space is where social status and relations are formed and mutual economic activities take place. The important cultural principles operating in this social space are not only the basic principles found in the mother land China such as guanxi(關係), renqing(人情), mianzi(面子), and bao(報) but also other economical and political practices related to family like marriage and funeral, rotating savings and credit associations(hui, 會), and banquets(qingke, 請客). Especially hui(會) is an important association which transforms social capital that is embedded in moral community such as overseas Chinese society into economic capital. Spatial perception of overseas Chinese in Korea goes back to the Qing Chinese settlement of the late 19th century. From their perspective, they first settled in the Qing Chinese Settlement area created by the international treaty of 1884 but were forced to disperse gradually when the settlement was abolished in 1913 after the annexation of Korea to Japan. In other words, they became an internal diasporic people. Especially after the 1960s, most of overseas Chinese communities were disintegrated and many overseas Chinese turned to low end restaurant business for survival in face of the anti-foreigners land acquisition act and urban planning of the South Korean government. Having dispersed to different cities they can only affirm their cultural identity through social and family events like hui, wedding, funeral, and other annual events. They became more and more a spatial community instead of a territorial community.

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