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On the meaning of gender equality in the Korean Constitutional Law
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양성평등에 관한 위헌심사기준

논문 기본 정보

Type
Academic journal
Author
Journal
헌법재판소 헌법논총 헌법논총 제29권
Published
2018.1
Pages
89 - 141 (53page)

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On the meaning of gender equality in the Korean Constitutional Law
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We, as other contries, have a long history of discrimination against women. Recently the status of women has been improved, but there still remain patriarchal conventions and gender discriminations in various aspects of society. There are some articles concerning with gender equality and special treatment for women in the Korean Constitutional Law. The equal protection clause, Art. 11 ① demands that government actors treat all similarly situated persons alike. But are there any real differences between men and women ? If there are, how can we draw the line between permissible sex-based classifications predicated on real differeneces and impermissible classifications those that are socially constructed.? There is a general consensus about the differences between men and women, but no consensus regerding real differences and those that are socially constructed. As the Constituional Court has decided, there are real, biological differences between sexes. We cannot ignore sex in dealing with an individual. It may be allowed that gender classifications benefit women because of biological differences between men and women. But such differences should not be extended to reach to over-generalization. Gender classifications based on role stereotypes should be invalidated. To pursue gender equality, we should take the realty of gender discriminations in our society into consideration. The ideal of gender equality should not be isolated from real conditions. Remedying past gender-based discrimination constitutes a justifiable objective for gender-based classification. Affirmative action programms or benign preferences for women may be afforded. But special treatment for women may have negative effect upon women. In a sense, it is true that dissimilar treatment of men and women may inevitably constitue sex discrimination. In future when the social status of women is improved in our society, the special treatment for women should be diminished.

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