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This paper analyzes “Yu(与)” and “Ji(及)” in the “Nihonsyoki (The Chronicle of Japan)”, and clarifies their general usage. In addition, it examines how the classification theory of Nihonsyoki is reflected in the use of “Yu” and “Ji”. The results are summarized as follows:
1. The conjunction “Yu” appears in 239(55.7%) of 429 cases, while “Ji” appears in 287(68%) of 422 cases.
2. The preposition “Yu” is used in 115 cases, while “Ji” is used in 11 cases. All 114 examples in the “Nihonsyoki” are used as “to(tomoni)”. We believe that “Yu” was established as the Japanese particle “to” in Old Japanese.
3. There are 38 appearances of the verb “Yu” with the rising tone, while the verb “Yu” with the departing tone has a single appearance in the β group. There are 118 cases of the verb “Ji”.
4. The adverb “Yu” has 14 appearances, and it seems that it was well established as a kun reading of “tomoni(both) in the “Nihonsyoki”. “Yu” has 11 “on” readings or phonograms, 10 idioms, 4 modal particles, and only 1 particle. There are 3 proper noun uses of “Ji”, appearing only in the α group, and there are also 3 idiomatic uses of “Ji”.
5. In the case of conjunctions, “Yu” is predominant in the α group, but “Ji” appears more in the β group. There is a possibility that the scribes of the α group have reduced the frequency of “Ji” and increased the frequency of “Yu” during the correction process.
6. The scribes of the α group used a variety of expressions, whereas the ones of the β group used fixed and typical expressions. This further substantiates the “classification theory of Nihonsyoki”.
1. The conjunction “Yu” appears in 239(55.7%) of 429 cases, while “Ji” appears in 287(68%) of 422 cases.
2. The preposition “Yu” is used in 115 cases, while “Ji” is used in 11 cases. All 114 examples in the “Nihonsyoki” are used as “to(tomoni)”. We believe that “Yu” was established as the Japanese particle “to” in Old Japanese.
3. There are 38 appearances of the verb “Yu” with the rising tone, while the verb “Yu” with the departing tone has a single appearance in the β group. There are 118 cases of the verb “Ji”.
4. The adverb “Yu” has 14 appearances, and it seems that it was well established as a kun reading of “tomoni(both) in the “Nihonsyoki”. “Yu” has 11 “on” readings or phonograms, 10 idioms, 4 modal particles, and only 1 particle. There are 3 proper noun uses of “Ji”, appearing only in the α group, and there are also 3 idiomatic uses of “Ji”.
5. In the case of conjunctions, “Yu” is predominant in the α group, but “Ji” appears more in the β group. There is a possibility that the scribes of the α group have reduced the frequency of “Ji” and increased the frequency of “Yu” during the correction process.
6. The scribes of the α group used a variety of expressions, whereas the ones of the β group used fixed and typical expressions. This further substantiates the “classification theory of Nihonsyoki”.
목차
1. はじめに
2. 連詞と介詞の区分
3.「与」の用法
4.「及」の用法
5.「与」と「及」の主な特徴
6. おわりに
参考文献
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UCI(KEPA) : I410-ECN-0101-2020-913-000110649