본 연구는 단기실적을 강조하고 주주의 이익을 가장 우선하는 주주자본주의의 폐해를 극복하기 위하여 이해관계자의 요구를 중시하고 공동체의 가치를 강조하는 이해관계자 중심의 따뜻한 자본주의에 관한 논의와 일맥상통한 연구이다. 구체적으로 본 연구에서는 기업의 사회적 책임활동에 초점을 두고 CSR인식, 조직신뢰, 고객-종업원 교환관계 간에 어떤 구조적 관계를 지니고 있는지를 확인하고자 경상북도 북부지역의 농업협동조합 구성원 510명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하고 이를 실증 분석하였다. 본 연구에서 밝혀진 연구결과와 시사점을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 이는 CSR인식 수준이 높은 조직구성원들은 조직신뢰 수준도 높다는 것을 의미하는 것이다. 즉, 자신이 소속된 조직이 사회적 책임을 적극 수행하고 있다고 인식하는 구성원들은 조직신뢰에 대한 지각수준도 높다고 풀이할 수 있다. 조직구성원의 CSR인식은 사회수준으로 확장된 조직시민행동의 일종이라고 할 수 있다. 둘째, 조직구성원들의 조직신뢰가 높아질수록 고객-종업원 교환관계도 증대하는 것으로 나타났다. 이와 같은 실증분석 결과는 조직을 신뢰하는 구성원들은 자신이 맡은 직무에서 고객과의 관계형성에 더욱 적극적이라는 의미이다. 이는 조직신뢰가 고객지향성에 긍정적인 영향을 미친다는 선행연구 결과(조애리, 2018; 남정순, 2019)와 동일한 맥락이라고 사료된다. 셋째, 농협 조직구성원들의 CSR인식 수준이 높을수록 고객-종업원 교환관계도 증대한다는 사실이 확인되었다. 이와 같은 실증분석 결과는 조직구성원들은 자신이 몸담고 있는 조직이 사회적 책임을 적극 수행한다고 느낄수록 자신이 맡은 직무에서 고객과의 관계형성에 더욱 적극적이라는 의미이다. 넷째, CSR인식과 고객-종업원 교환관계 과정에서 조직신뢰가 부분적으로 매개효과를 지니고 있다는 사실이 확인되었다. 본 연구에서 확인된 CSR인식 수준이 높아지면 조직신뢰와 고객-종업원 교환관계가 증대한다는 실증분석결과는 경영자들에게 실무적 시사점을 줄 수 있을 것이다. 즉, 조직에서 CSR활동에 적극적인 관심을 갖고 이를 실천한다면 조직구성원들의 조직신뢰 수준을 높이고 고객-종업원 관계를 향상시켜 궁극적으로는 경영성과 향상에 기여할 수 있게 된다는 점을 의미한다.
The purpose of this study was to empirically examine the structural relationships between CSR recognition, organization trust, and customer-employee exchange. This study conducted a survey of 510 members of the Agricultural Cooperative Federation in northern Gyeongsangbuk-do to identify what structural relationships they have between CSR recognition, organizational trust and customer-employee exchange relationships, focusing on the corporate social responsibility activities at this point in time. The findings and implications of this study are summarized as follows. First, it was revealed that the higher the level of CSR awareness among members of Nonghyup, the higher the level of organizational trust. This means that organizational members with high CSR recognition levels also have a high level of organizational trust. In other words, members who recognize that the organization they belong to is actively carrying out social responsibilities can also be interpreted as having a high level of awareness of organizational trust. The findings can be interpreted as a reflection of recent business practices in which the organization"s social responsibility is emphasized. The CSR awareness of the organizational members can be said to be a form of organizational citizenship behavior that has been extended to the social level. Second, it has been shown that the more organizational trust the members have, the more customer-employee exchanges become. This empirical analysis indicates that members who trust the organization are more active in forming relationships with customers in their duties. Third, it was confirmed that the higher the level of CSR awareness among members of the Nonghyup,, the greater the customer-employee exchange relationship. The results of this empirical analysis indicate that the more active the organization they are in is in, the more active they are in forming relationships with customers in their duties. Fourth, it has been confirmed that organizational trust has a partially mediated effect in the process of CSR recognition and customer-employee exchange relations. Based on these empirical analysis results, the following implications can be obtained: First, the theoretical implications are that we have empirically verified the structural relationship between CSR recognition, organizational trust, and customer-employee exchange relationships through this study. This may be meaningful in that prior studies have lacked empirical verification of the relationship between the three variables. Second, a empirical analysis result that increases organizational trust and customer-employee exchange relationships by increasing the level of CSR recognition could give management practical implications. In other words, the fact that CSR recognition can be a leading contributor to organizational trust and customer-employee exchange relationships means that if the organization actively pays attention to and practices CSR activities, it will increase the level of organizational trust among the members of the organization, improve customer--employee relationships, and ultimately contribute to the improvement of business performance. This study has the following limitations: First, there are some difficulties in generalizing the results of this study. This is because the research sample selected members of Nonghyup"s organization who emphasize social purposes in a survey. Also, it should be noted that Nonghyup has different organizational characteristics and cultures than for-profit companies because it is essentially an organization where social responsibility is emphasized. Therefore, it will be necessary to be cautious in interpreting the research results. Second, the measurement scale and the threshold resulting from the cross-sectional analysis.